Enterprise Architecture Essay Example for Free

Endeavor Architecture Essay 1) The three key controls used to adequately build a Foundation of Execution are: Operating Model This directs the degree of business process incorporation and normalization for conveying products and enterprises to clients. Procedure Integration portrays the degree to which specialty units share information and empowers start to finish and a solitary interface for the client The Operating Model includes a promise to how the organization will work Venture Architecture This is the sorting out rationale for business procedures and IT foundation which mirrors the joining and normalization necessities of the company’s working model. The Enterprise Architecture gives a drawn out perspective on a company’s procedure, frameworks, and advancements so as to assemble long haul reasonable capacities. IT Engagement Model The IT Engagement Model is the administration system that guarantees business and IT anticipates accomplish both nearby and companywide destinations. This Model impacts ventures choices guaranteeing that singular arrangements are structured by the undertaking engineering. The IT Engagement Model gives arrangement among IT and the business targets of tasks. 2) The Enterprise Architecture imparts the significant level business procedure and IT necessities of a company’s working model. This varies from IT Architecture to the level of granularity that is introduced. Undertaking Architecture doesn't give the vital subtleties to delineate specialized or procedure plan prerequisites. The IT Architecture created by the IT unit is an increasingly definite engineering of utilizations, information and data, and innovation. IT Architecture when created with an away from of the Enterprise Architecture gives long haul esteem since they give the drawn out vision to quick arrangements. 3) The current market patterns and speed at which innovation and the serious scene is continually changes make it hard for companiesâ to have the option to adjust and endure. Complex Information frameworks limit organizations from having the option to adjust so as to contend or use new innovation and ideas. Organizations without a strong establishment face the accompanying dangers: The impacts of developing intricacy on business activities The weight that dexterity puts the establishment of execution Role of business discipline in current national and worlds of politics Role of expenses without establishment of execution Business readiness progressively relies upon a Foundation of Execution. Actualizing normalize, digitized forms brings about more straightforward innovation conditions, lower cost activities and more noteworthy readiness. 4) A working model has two measurements: business process normalization and reconciliation. Organizations are described into the accompanying Operating Models: Broadening: Low Standardization, Low Integration Coordination: Low Standardization, High Integration Replication: High Standardization, Low Integration Unification: High Standardization, High Integration Models: a. Unification Model †Delta Airlines Comprised of numerous IT stages incapable to speak with one another Management and IT staff arrived at a typical comprehension of what capacities the organization would create to help future procedures. So as to make an unmistakable vision the board characterized four center procedures. b. Enhancement Model †Carlson Companies Each of Carlson’s arrangement of organizations run pretty much autonomously of one another. Carlson’s endeavor engineering center outline shares specialized foundation administrations while the specialty units hold power over nearby business procedures and IT applications c. Coordination Model †MetLife MetLife’s system and working model concentrated on giving coordinated client support across items. This necessary extraction of client data and making it halfway accessible d. Replication Model †ING DIRECT ING DIRECT’s administration modules digitize normalized forms over its specialty units. The ID of significant assistance classifications assists the board with understanding existing capacities and target new chances. 5) The four phases of Architecture Maturity are: Business Silo Architecture: where organizations hope to augment singular specialty unit needs or utilitarian needs Normalized Technology Architecture: giving IT efficiencies through innovation normalization and, much of the time, expanded centralization of innovation the board Advanced center engineering: gives companywide information and procedure normalization as suitable for the working model Business Modularity Architecture: where organizations oversee and reuse inexactly coupled IT-empowered business process parts to save worldwide gauges while empowering nearby contrasts 6) The vital ramifications of the four design stages are as per the following: Business Silos †Local/Functional enhancement Normalized Technology/IT proficiency Streamlined center/Business Operational proficiency Business Modularity/Strategic Agility 7) The three fundamental fixings 0f the IT Engagement Model: Companywide IT administration: choice rights and responsibility system to support attractive conduct in its utilization Project the board: formalizedâ project approach, with clear expectations and customary checkpoints Linking instruments: procedures and dynamic bodies that adjust motivating forces and interface the venture level exercises to the general IT administration. 8) IT administration is the choice rights and responsibility structure for empowering attractive practices in its utilization. IT administration reflects more extensive corporate administration standards while concentrating on the administration and utilization of IT to accomplish corporate execution objectives. IT administration envelops five significant choice territories identified with the administration and utilization of IT in a firm, which should all be driven by the working model: I. IT standards: significant level choices about the key job of IT in the business II. Venture engineering: the sorting out rationale for business procedures and IT foundation III. IT framework: midway organized, shared IT administrations giving piece of the establishment of execution IV. Business application needs: business prerequisites for bought or inside created IT applications that both use and fabricate the establishment for execution V. Prioritization and venture: choices about how much and where to put resources into IT, including venture endorsement and defense methods. 9) Linking systems is the third basic element of the IT commitment model. Connecting systems interface companywide administration and ventures. Great IT administration guarantees that there’s clear bearing on the most proficient method to advance the company’s establishment. Great venture the board guarantees that tasks are executed adequately, productively, and in a predictable way to boost learning. Great connecting systems guarantee that ventures gradually assemble the company’s establishment and that the plan of the company’s establishment is educated by ventures. There are three sorts of connecting instruments (engineering linkage, business linkage, and arrangement linkage) that address the key arrangement and coordination worries of the organization. Engineering Linkage builds up and refreshes guidelines, audits ventures for consistence, and affirms special cases. Engineering linkage associates the IT administration choices about engineering with venture plan choices. Business linkage guarantees that business objectives are made an interpretation of adequately into projectâ goals. Business linkage organizes ventures, associates them to bigger change endeavors, and concentrates extends on tackling explicit issues in the most ideal manner. Arrangement linkage systems guarantee continuous correspondence and exchange among IT and business concerns. Business IT relationship troughs and Business unit CIOs are ordinarily a basic linkage fro interpreting to and fro between business objectives and IT imperatives. 10) The three elements of commitment that make business esteem are IT administration, Project the executives and Linking systems. Clear, explicit, and significant targets: In request to be successful, IT commitment models explain key goals so normalization and coordination necessities are clear. Inspiration to meet organization objectives: Formal impetuses, for example, extra plans, yearly surveys, and so on help guarantee center from specialty unit pioneers and undertaking chiefs on organization, specialty unit and task objectives Implementation authority: Formal requirements, for example, corresponding to formal impetuses help fabricate an effort’s believability. Requirement gives a procedure to evolving, suspending, or giving an exemption to a venture that isn't agreeable with the objective undertaking design. Early Intervention and anticipation: In request to forestall awful arrangements structure being stooped, IT bunches draw in with business ventures during the soonest phases of advancement to keep terrible arrangements from being planned in any case and furthermore to figure out how to improve target engineering. Straightforward, customary, two-way correspondence: Good commitment guarantees that everybody is sure about how the model functions. Arrangement and coordination are accomplished and kept up through standard discourse among business and IT and across specialty units.

Moby Dick Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Moby Dick - Essay Example On the other hand, Starbuck had ethics which gave him restricting quality and a more respectable destruction than Ahab. The two men had a couple of similitudes and were confronted with similar difficulties in whaling, the nonattendance and nearness of ethics drove the men to manage the circumstance in various manners, and eventually to unmistakable ends. To expound the postulation, we can see numerous occasions accessible in the content. In Chapter cxxvi The Life-Buoy, when they were on a journey to a rough island, 'the bodings of the group were bound to get a most conceivable affirmation in the destiny of one of their number that morning' (p.517), there is sure article of imminent occasion that signals something to occur in future. To be sure, in some sort, they were not lamented at this occasion, at any rate as an omen; for they respected it, not as a hinting of wickedness later on, yet as the satisfaction of a malevolent previously foretold. They proclaimed that now they knew the explanation of those wild yells they had heard the prior night. Be that as it may, again the old Manxman said nay. (p.518) The scene is depicted 'as the unsetting polar star, which through the whole, cold, a half year's night supports its piercing, consistent, focal look; so Ahab's motivation currently steadily shined downward on the steady 12 PM of the melancholy group.' Furthermore, they feel as though 'it domineered above them along these lines, that every one of their bodings, questions, qualms, fears, were fain to cover up underneath their spirits, and not sprout forward a solitary lance or leaf.' (p.528) Whenever saw fundamentally and logically, it might be asserted that In this portending interim as well, all silliness, constrained or regular, evaporated. Stubb no more endeavored to raise a grin; Starbuck no more endeavored to check one. The same, satisfaction and distress, expectation and dread, appeared ground to best residue, and powdered, for the time, in the braced mortar of Ahab's iron soul. Like machines, they moronically moved about the deck, ever cognizant that the elderly person's autocrat eye was on them. (p.528) Everybody begins at a typical point yet takes off at various paces and on various streets. Ahab and Starbuck were commonly the equivalent in fundamental perspectives. To start with, both of the men had solid convictions. Ahab trusted Moby Dick was malevolent and was bound to pass on at his hands. This conviction was solid to such an extent that it prompted fixation and devastation. Along these lines, Starbuck's solid faith in God prompted his obliteration for it kept him from settling on the choice to murder Ahab and kept him from wrecking the whole group. Second, Ahab and Starbuck both had a family. Aside from the entirety of their whaling, their spouses and children were calmly sitting tight at home for their husbands' arrival from the journey. Third, the two of them shared a typical love for the ocean Although crazed; Ahab despite everything adored the sea that he consumed a lot of his time on earth in. He communicated his affection for the ocean a few times on his last whaling journey commenting that the it's excellence alleviated him. Starbuck went through a lot of his time on earth on the sea also and making the most of its experiences and magnificence. In Chapter xxvi, Knights And Squires, Starbuck even regarded the ocean occupants and he

Coping With Your Partners Family When You Have BPD

Coping With Your Partners Family When You Have BPD BPD Living With BPD Print Coping With Your Partners Family When You Have BPD By Erin Johnston, LCSW Erin Johnston, LCSW is a therapist, counselor, coach, and mediator with a private practice in Chicago, Illinois. Learn about our editorial policy Erin Johnston, LCSW Updated on May 21, 2019 JodiJacobson / Getty Images More in BPD Living With BPD Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions Joining someone’s family as a result of a serious long-term relationship is not always easy. You choose your partner, not his or her family, but you are still connected to his family after marriage whether you like it or not. Your spouse will have expectations on the continued involvement of each family member which can add pressure to your relationship. This alone can trigger uncomfortable feelings for anyone, but if you have borderline personality disorder, you may have the added difficulty of struggling to relate to these new people. It can be frustrating for you when her partner wants to have close relationships with his family members, especially if you find out your spouse was mistreated by them in the past. You may believe that your partner is making excuses and not seeing the family in a true light. You may also feel tense if you feel that your partners family rejects or judges you. These feelings of rejection may result from any number of things, including the belief that they dislike you, doubt your competency or question your parenting decisions and abilities. No matter how hard you may wish otherwise, your in-laws arent going anywhere. Its important for the sake of your own health and the health of your marriage that you learn some coping skills to better handle your partners family. Coping With the In-Laws   When you feel that your in-laws are ignoring you or are rude, it can be tempting to dwell on your feelings or lash out while hurting. Its important to take a step back to really think through the persons actions and your reaction before responding to avoid misunderstandings and unnecessarily hurt feelings.  Impulsive reactions will just come out in anger  and the real issues will not be heard or addressed. While it can be tough to make yourself take a break in these situations, here are seven tips for handling your emotions and coping:   Breathe:  At the first sign of hurt feelings, take several slow, deep breaths. Concentrate on your breathing only, consciously trying to blow out some of your emotional reaction and focusing on your breaths instead.  Get Some Distance:  If it is at all possible, get away from the offending person. You can say you need to run an errand, take a walk or simply step into the restroom for a few minutes. Getting away from the offending person can often help de-escalate the situation and allow you to gain perspective before you lash out.  Remember Your In-Laws Are Your Partners Family:  Focusing on the relationship between your partner and the person that hurt you will help keep your reactions in check. While your spouses uncle may be incredibly annoying, remembering that he was one who helped your partner pay for his first car may help you see him in a better light.  Write It Down:  Use a private journal to write down what happened and what you are feeling. Use this as a means of expressin g your hurt without having to censor your thoughts.  Identify Your Feelings:  Using what you have written, identify some feeling statements or clarify what you are experiencing and how you need to react.Talk About Your Feelings With Your PartnerYour partner is the reason that you are having a relationship with your in-laws so talking and sharing with your spouse is an important step in coping with your feelings.  Identify Your Purpose:  Before any issues are addressed, it is important to know what your purpose is before you react. What do you want the end result to be? Yelling at the annoying in-law may feel satisfying at the moment, but it may mean a very awkward holiday afterward. By focusing on what you want, such as a peaceful holiday dinner, you can better handle your reactions. Sometimes not reacting is the best thing you can do to reach your goal.   In addition to talking to your partner, it is a good idea to honestly discuss what happened and how you feel during regular sessions with your therapist. A therapist who specializes in  BPD can assist you in determining appropriate and effective methods of communicating with those who are causing you pain. A good therapist can arm you with the skills to relate to people that easily trigger hurt feelings.

Changing Perceptions And Practices Of Chinese Journalists...

H6: Social media use is positively associated with the possibility of career change. Previous work shows that online media journalists and radio journalists tend to feel more optimistic about the future of technological change in journalism industry, while print media journalists and TV journalists hold more pessimistic views about the future of their occupations (Zhou, 2009). Thus, the following hyphothesis was formulated: H7: Print media journalists and TV journalists are more likely to choose career change than online media journalists and radio journalists. Methodology The purpose of this research is to examine the changing perceptions and practices of Chinese journalists in the period of transition. As such, purposive sampling was conducted to collect Weibo posts by keyword searching of Journalists’ Day for a time setting of 8th November every year from 2010 to 2013. 100 posts per year was systematically selected to generate 400 samples. Content analysis was conducted first to identify the Theme of Posts: 1 = Holiday ritual (e.g. holiday greetings to self or other fellow journalists, 26.5%), 2 = Journalistic roles (expressions related to normative journalistic roles, 19.5%), 3 = Occupational constraints (compaints about occupational challenges, 39.0%), 4 = Satire (e.g. use symbolic resources to mock themselves and journalism profession, 3.5%), 5 = New media (e.g. concerns about the future of journalism or views on social media,Show MoreRelatedThe Lay Man s World1271 Words   |  6 Pagesis, from its conception to its practice, and is a sol id foundation on which to begin an analysis. As part of this paper’s inquiry, insight will be drawn into the inner workings and uses of culture, and so it is necessary to provide a clear definition for the term as well. William H. Sewell Jr. does not constraint culture to a specific kind of practice or an action that takes place within a specific social setting, but defines it as a dialectic of system and practice, as a dimension of social lifeRead MoreThe Guanxi Between China And China1741 Words   |  7 Pagesindication what is it about. Wikipedia describes guanxi as â€Å"the basic dynamic in personalized networks of influence, and is a central idea in Chinese society.†¦ At its most basic, guanxi describes a personal connection between two people in which one is able to prevail upon another to perform a favor or service, or be prevailed upon.† Lijia Zhang (journalist in China) explains the power of guanxi : â€Å"Last year, when my father fell seriously ill, we took him to a decent hospital close by but were toldRead MoreMedia Relations And Public Relations3459 Words   |  14 Pagesorganization. Although media relations is the relationship that a company or organization has with the media, it is a relationship that is unique in how it benefits a company or organization balanced against the relationships built with reporters and journalists; those that are seeking stories and information that can benefit or harm an organization. Although media relations can have an effect on the public’s opinion of an organization; such as public health departments â€Å"Once you’ve established a solidRead MoreFoxconn s Good Reputation Associated With Foxconn3155 Words   |  13 Pageswill take time to fix.  Introduction Imagine waking up before the sun, working a twelve hour shift in a factory that employs hundreds of thousands only to return home and repeat the cycle (Chang, 2010), a life of eternal darkness. This is the perception western media has spoon-fed to American citizens. However, in reality, Foxconn--the victim of labor scandals in recent years--is a safe haven that shields its workers from the hardships of living in a developing country. Foxconn acts as a lifelineRead MoreLatino Communities : Structural And Social Issues And How They Thrive2094 Words   |  9 Pagesand how they persevere and thrive in America. U.S. history is a key structural determinant of why Latinos have faced hardship, but now making up over 33% of the nation’s population have found their voice. In the documentary, Harvest of Empire Journalist and author of the book Juan Gonzalez, â€Å"Harvest of Empire† discusses the controversial issue in America of Latino immigration. He examines U.S. intervention in each of the Latin countries which in turn caused them to migrate to North America. â€Å"PeopleRead MoreEssay on We Googled You4407 Words   |  18 PagesCase We googled you The problem that we need to evaluate is the recruitment practices for a new position in the country of China for the company Hathaway Jones. Fred Western is the CEO of Hathaway Jones. He is interested in hiring Mimi Brewster for the new division he is planning to open in China. Mimi Brewster grew up in China, speaks Mandarin and a local dialect. Mimi’s education background includes an MBA from Stanford University and her experience includes the re-launching of two brands fromRead MoreThe Is A Japan s Symbolic Image2084 Words   |  9 Pagesatrocities, on the other hand making Japan’s modern history values attached with respect toward their ancestors. There is evidence shows that the idea is justifiable. In the Meiji Restoration 1868, the new imperial government banned many others religious practice to save space for Shinto, create numerous shrine which designed to enhance the myth of the Sun Goddess and later on, to memorize and venerate the spirits of loyal sacrificed warriors. Particularly the Yasukuni shrine was dedicated to those who haveRead MoreGlobalisation of Google4196 Words   |  17 Pagessimple and quick mechanism to access this data. Its primary function is organising the worlds information and making it universally accessible (www.google inc.com) This article will analyze the global strategy of Google Inc’s. subsidiary in the Chinese market. It will also examine the set backs of Google, a multinational company (MNC) faced in entering China, in terms of government policy and cultural differences on its strategy. The first section briefly discuses a literature review of the integratedRead MoreLogistics and Outsourcing in China: the Benetton Group S.P.A. Case3073 Words   |  13 Pagesto compete primarily on style, price and marketing as these factors mattered most for customer buying habits. In current fact, those factors keep being important but new companies are now incorporating new operational systems that are dramatically changing the industry dynamics. Costs associated with holding inventory are lowering profit margins and therefore better inventory management policies must be put in place. Lastly, outsourcing has become critical as companies are flocking to low cost manufacturingRead MoreThe Influence of Music on Self and Society - Values in Music in Eastern and Western Cultures8787 Words   |  36 Pagesassociated, in fact, interlocked with religious and philosophical beliefs, thus possessed axiological connotations. Examining the perceptions and understandings of the ancients attitude about music can be most enlightening and hopefully beneficial for our spiritual and social development as we begin our quest for a culture of peace in the new millennium. The Ancient Chinese It is not far-fetched at all to suggest that todays attitudes about music might be surprising, even dismaying to Confucius

Lessons From Friendship in Great Expectations by Charles...

As one of the most read books, Great Expectations by Charles Dickens gives something intriguing to all types of readers. Adventure, love, and knowledge can all be found in this diverse book. Along with the appeal to different genres, Great Expectations teaches countless life lessons on several topics. Dickens presents friendship as one of the major themes in his novel. True friendship displays itself through words. Pip lived quite an unfortunate childhood. Loosing several siblings, both his parents, and being forced to live with his cruel sister all played a role in his sad childhood. But from the start of his young life, his sister’s husband, Joe, always cared for the boy. â€Å"And bring the poor little child. God bless the poor little child, I said to your sister, theres room for him at the forge.’†(7.3) When Joe married Mrs. Joe, he gladly invites little Pip to also come and live in his household. From the very beginning Joe exhibits true friendship towards Pip. He words exemplified that he truly cared about the child’s well-being. Not only does a true friendship prove itself with words, but actions speak volumes as well. A perfect example of this is displayed through Joe paying off Pip’s debts. While he was in the city of London becoming a gentleman, Pip spent too much money and owed several people money he no longer had. Furthermore, Pip had not sent one word to Joe since he had arrived in London. But as soon as Joe heard Pip was in trouble, he came and paid theShow MoreRelatedEssay on Dickens Social Commentary in Great Expectations1882 Words   |  8 PagesDickens Social Commentary in Great Expectations  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚   Charles Dickens Great Expectations stands as one of the most highly revered works in all of English literature. 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The secondary characters in Pip’s Bildungsroman help him to find a place within society where he can finallyRead MoreThe Value of Friendship in Great Expectations by Charles Dickens560 Words   |  2 PagesValue in Friendship A friend is someone whom one trusts and loves. This is known to many as friendship. Several people in the world follow this relationship and also support it. In the novel Great Expectations, by Charles Dickens, the theme friendship is demonstrated from the beginning to the end. Pip, the main character, learns to find who his true friends are while strengthening their relationships. Each friendship he develops is unique in different ways. Great examples of friendship are showcasedRead MoreCharles Dickens Great Expectations1451 Words   |  6 Pages Report on the Major Points and Themes of Charles Dickens Great Expectations Kimberly ButtiÄ ¡ieÄ ¡ ENG3U1 May 2rd â€Æ' The major genre of Great Expectations by Charles Dickens is gothic fiction. An event in the novel that relates to this genre is Pip’s narration when he is horrified to learn that Magwitch is his benefactor, who he formerly thought to be Miss Havisham. He says, â€Å"The imaginary student pursued by the misshapen creature he had impiously made, was not moreRead More Great Expectations - Clothing Does Not Make the Man Essay2928 Words   |  12 PagesGreat Expectations - Clothing Does Not Make the Man      Ã‚  Ã‚   In Great Expectations, Charles Dickens explores the perception that the value of a man increases with his attainment of material wealth. Dickens probes the truth of such a system of values through Pips quest for material gain. This quest is the literal pursuit of a better suit of clothing but is conducted without regard for the kind of man wearing the suit. Thus Dickens poses the question: does it profit a man to gain the worldRead MoreCharles Dickens Great Expectations Essay1847 Words   |  8 Pageseverything, a decision to become greater, will lead one to neglect their true values. In the novel Great Expectations, Charles Dickens introduces the reader to Pip. Set during the Victorian era, Dickens brings forward all the influences, good and bad, of Pips life. Professor John Bowen states â€Å"Like many Victorians, Dickens himself was fascinated by the idea that you could make yourself anew† (Bowen 2). Dickens incorporates events of his own life to help t he reader understand Pips society and childhoodRead MoreGreat Expectations by Charles Dickens4170 Words   |  17 PagesTask: Discuss how Dickens establishes the identity of young Pip at the start of the Novel. 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Joe is quiet and not an outgoing person but he seems to find ways to show people how he is forgiving and very honest. Joe shows that he has the passion and emotion to change someone s attitude towards others, such as Pip. Joes childhood was full abuse from his father

Fools and folly are widely used in comedy to create humour To what extent does this apply to Twelfth Night Free Essays

In this essay I will be exploring Twelfth Night and focusing on the extent at which folly is used to create humour. The word folly means â€Å"a silly person† or â€Å"one who uses folly for the entertainment of others† etc. In William Shakespeare’s comedy, Feste -licensed fool- the clown is not the only fool who is subject to foolery; others include Sir Andrew Aguecheek (natural fool), Malvolio who is exposed to be the natural fool and Sir Toby who is deemed to be the Lord of Misrule. We will write a custom essay sample on Fools and folly are widely used in comedy to create humour To what extent does this apply to Twelfth Night? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Overall, fools and folly are widely used in Twelfth Night and form the basic plot. In Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night, Feste’s role in this Illyrian comedy is significant. Feste plays the role of a humble clown and is employed by Olivia’s father thus playing the role of the licensed fool of their household. Olivia states that Feste is â€Å"an allowed fool† meaning he is licensed to speak the truth of people around him in order to entertain others. This is also seen when Curio states to the duke that â€Å"Feste the jester†¦a fool that the Lady Olivia’s father took much pleasure in†. Even though Feste is employed to be foolish, when compared to the other characters he is deemed to be the wisest, wittiest and the most philosophical of all the characters. Viola echoes this by saying â€Å"This fellow’s wise enough to play the fool. † By having the role of a licensed fool, Festes main role is to speak to the truth. Comedy is achieved through the truthfulness of the character. The first true glimpses of folly in Twelfth Night are seen in Act 1 Scene 3. Sir Andrew serves as an excellent example of the idea of Satire which Shakespeare throughout the play uses to undermine the so called rich, upper class characters. Sir Toby encourages Sir Andrew to â€Å"accost† Maria, which translates as â€Å"chat her up† and Sir Andrew foolishly addresses Maria as â€Å"Good mistress accost†. Shakespeare interestingly uses satire but also comedy of manners to illustrate his feelings towards the rich and powerful. His intentions are clearly seen here for the rest of the play; he starts with a powerful character being made a fool of and also ends with Malvolio being made a fool of, not weaker characters like Maria (servant) feste (clown). In this area of the scene, the audience expects a prominent, smart character to emerge on stage due to the description given by Sir Toby: â€Å"Why, he has an income of three thousand ducats a year,† which again links to the idea of comedy of manners- ‘a plot revolving around greed’. Subsequently, Sir Andrew is a naive, un-intelligent person who creates comedy and folly by miss-understanding Sir Toby. Knights in Shakespeare’s time would easily be able to gain respect through women due to it being an attractive occupation. However, Sir Andrew is the complete opposite and this allows the audience to laugh at how a character can be so different from the usual stereotype. Sir Andrew being so naive and thinking that he can easily add Maria to his endless list of women creates dramatic irony, the audience know that Maria thinks very poorly of him yet on the other hand Sir Andrew being so un-intelligent still thinks he is a wonderful human being. Alternatively, this area of Act 1 could show that even though Sir Andrew is rather naive, he still achieves because of the fact that Sir Toby mentions his â€Å"three thousand ducats a year† and Sir Andrew himself states to Maria that he is not â€Å"such an ass† and that he can keep his â€Å"hand dry,† this promotes the fact that when we wants to be, Sir Andrew can be smart and keep his â€Å"hand dry† which results in the audience weighing up what’s to come in the future for Sir Andrew. Ultimately, Sir Andrew fails to â€Å"woo† Olivia resulting in Sebastian marrying Olivia. Overall, this links back to the idea of comedy of manners and satire as both Sir Toby and Sir Andrew have been socially undermined with it being Sir Toby’s idea to set Andrew with Olivia and Sir Andrew failing in this quest. Feste who is employed to be funny and possibly ‘foolish’ is quite the opposite when compared with Sir Andrew. Feste is a philosophical, smart and witty character. In relevance to the question, a fool (feste) is employed to make people laugh yet there is no doubting that he comes across as anything but a fool. Shakespeare uses this character to highlight and contrast the frailties in the other characters such as Sir Andrew for example by allowing the natural fool to be the â€Å"natural wit† which is a very clever tool, the audience aren’t laughing at Feste being employed as fool yet laughing at how he makes others look like a fool. In act 1 scene 5, we don’t laugh at Feste for being a so called â€Å"fool†, we laugh at the witty re-marks that he creates and how undermines the people above him. Feste when talking to Maria regarding Countess Olivia states that â€Å"Many a good hanging prevents a bad marriage†. This has two comical meanings. Firstly, Feste is saying to Maria that sometimes its better being killed than entering marriage but to increase the comedy the phrase could also mean that a â€Å"well hung†(sexual connotations) man can prevent a â€Å"bad marriage†. When compared to today, a modern day audience would still find that funny due to IY being true yet in Shakespearean comedy, the audience would have been very surprised for a ‘fool’ to come out with such a controversial phrase, thus increasing comedy. Shakespeare understands the need for ‘surprise’ because the audience are laughing more at the surprise element rather than the joke itself. By putting this comical line in the final scene of the act, the audience have now gained a further understanding for the character and worked out how intelligent, witty Feste is. This will increase the popularity towards the character as the audience may have forgotten what happened previous to this scene when in act 2 yet the comical line from Feste would have stayed in their heads. Personally, Shakespeare wanted this immensely and therefore in relation to the question, yes fools are used to create humour but not through being stupid but by being witty and controversial as audiences like to be surprised. I believe the â€Å"bad marriage† area of the quote highlights the philosophical values that Feste has; he is giving the audience his opinions on marriages which he has seen from a fool’s point of view. Shakespeare is also handing a lot of power to feste as he could be forecasting the future for the marriages of Sir Toby and Maria, Olivia and Sebastian etc. Finally, Shakespeare can be seen to use juxtaposition in order to allow the gag of Feste contrast with the ‘well behaved’ Maria, this makes the audience possibly dislike Maria, an opinion shared by Shakespeare due to the time that he lived in, with the disrespectfulness of women. By the end of Act 2 scene 5, we gain the basic underlying plot. In scene 3, foolishness is definitely used to create comedy; Shakespeare uses the main idea of dramatic irony to create comedy. Three characters (Sir Toby, Sir Andrew, Maria) construct a plan to help make Malvolio look a fool, Shakespeare uses three characters to make the plot seem more severe, linking to the idea of a minor form of black comedy. In this scene we learn that foolishness is enhanced by using more people to gang up on another. Sir Toby speaks that â€Å"He shall think, by the letters that thou wilt drop, that they come from my niece, and that she’s in love with him. † This quote firmly shows; He’ll think these letters are from Olivia and that she’s in love with him. Shakespeare uses a gang approach to this due to Malvolio being a so called ‘kill joy’, Sir Andrew and Maria show their opinions on the plan with phrases like â€Å"Sport royal† â€Å"I have ’t in my nose too. † Which again highlights the mood of the other characters, the audience will ultimately laugh in feeling guilt towards Malvolio. In today’ world, a gang culture shows power due to power in numbers but in Shakespeare times it could be sign of wealth and power to be able to create a group situation. The word â€Å"drop† signifies the height at which this will drop Malvolio and purposefully ‘drop’ his heart when he finds out he is made out to be a fool. Subsequently, Malvolio foolishness creates huge comedy due to him being imprisoned because of his actions towards Olivia. The idea of a gang creating a plan to make another human being look a fool allows Shakespeare to experiment how Malvolio could act. By the end of the play he is seen to be very spiteful and out for revenge. Comedy isn’t always seen through people being fools or made out to be fools. Comedy is also achieved through other ventures. In order to gain approval in the kingdom Viola dresses as a man and therefore can work close to Orsino and takes on the name Cesario. This creates comedy because the audience know that she is a women beneath the disguise yet the characters don’t (dramatic irony) therefore power is given to the audience and they enjoy this. We understand in Act 1 scene 2 that she is going to take up some disguise by saying â€Å"Conceal me what I am, and be my aid†. At this moment in time, Viola seems very determined and confident towards being a man and she has reason so due to marrying Orsino at the end of the play. Therefore comedy isn’t just seen through the eyes of folly and foolishness it’s also achieved elsewhere. Due to it being a live play, the audience would be able to see it’s a disguised woman, even though all actors were men, and thus again increasing comedy. Twelfth Night was once a day to mark the end of the Christmas festivities. It was the feast of fools and even now, the Christmas season is a time where we all seek entertainment in the form of amusement and folly. Therefore Twelfth Night is still relevant today. Even now we love to see people make fools of themselves and the characters we don’t like to be served with just retribution. In conclusion to my question, the answer is simply yes. Shakespeare doesn’t just have fools to laugh at (feste) which would seem the normal idea but he makes others look fools. This is through Malvolio being miss-lead, the naivety of Sir Andrew and possibly Orsino not having Olivia and having to make do with Viola. Interestingly, Shakespeare warms to the so called lower class characters like Feste, Maria by creating strong and confident characters that make the more upper class characters around them look fools. Comedy is also achieved in the play by the mistaken identity of Viola, the concept of black comedy and the comedy of manners. All key integral parts of how this play is seen comical. Overall, the main comedy comes from people acting foolish or looking foolish as well as the idea of comedy of errors. How to cite Fools and folly are widely used in comedy to create humour To what extent does this apply to Twelfth Night?, Papers

The Chrysalids Theme free essay sample

Theme in John Whyndham’s novel â€Å"The Chrysalids† can actually be inferred from the book’s title. â€Å"Without change, there would simply be no progress or improvement†, is the main theme of this novel. The scientific definition of chrysalids is an insect in the stage of development between a larva and an adult insect. Chrysalids can also mean a preparatory or transitional state. In â€Å"The Chrysalids†, three main stages of civilizations can be identified. They are the Fringes civilizaztion, the Waknuk civilization, and the Sealand civilization. The Fringes civilization and the Waknuk civilization are both in a stage of change. The Sealand civilization is the end result of the progress of change, a well technological civilization. The Fringes people have the poorest civilization in the novel. They live in tents and shelters and often have to steal for food. On the other hand, the Waknuk people are a bit well off. We will write a custom essay sample on The Chrysalids Theme or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They have steady lives and farm for a living. However, the Fringes people have a totally different view from the Waknuk people. The Fringes people think life is change and the reason that God sent Tribulation is because of the little change that is happening. The Waknuk people resist change. They think that if they have kept everything perfect, or in another word have kept everything the same, God would not have sent Tribulation. This belief made the Waknuk people have no progress in civilization. No newer breeds of animals are allowed and no new crops should be planted. Anything different from the original species would be cast away and thrown to the Fringes. The Fringes people had wanted change but sadly were repressed from doing so by the concepts of the Waknuk people. Similarily, as a result both the Fringes civilization and the Waknuk civilization made no further progress in their current civilizations. Unlike these two civilizations, the Sealand civilization has already made an amazing progress since the Tribulation. Large cities were built, and transportation devices like cars and helicopters were available. Most importantly, people are accepted as who they are. People who have telepathic powers like David, Rosalind, and Petra were considered as highly gifted people. Life is change, according to one of the quotes that the Spider man said. â€Å"He sent along Tribulation to bust it up and remind’em that life is change. † Change is what brings about improvement of the living just like what the Sealand lady said. â€Å"The essential quality of life is living: the essential quality of living is change; change is evolution: and we are part of it. † The Chrysalids Theme free essay sample â€Å"The Chrysalids† can actually be inferred from the book’s title. â€Å"Without change, there would simply be no progress or improvement†, is the main theme of this novel. The scientific definition of chrysalids is an insect in the stage of development between a larva and an adult insect. Chrysalids can also mean a preparatory or transitional state. In â€Å"The Chrysalids†, three main stages of civilizations can be identified. They are the Fringes civilizaztion, the Waknuk civilization, and the Sealand civilization. The Fringes civilization and the Waknuk civilization are both in a stage of change. The Sealand civilization is the end result of the progress of change, a well technological civilization. The Fringes people have the poorest civilization in the novel. They live in tents and shelters and often have to steal for food. On the other hand, the Waknuk people are a bit well off. They have steady lives and farm for a living. We will write a custom essay sample on The Chrysalids Theme or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, the Fringes people have a totally different view from the Waknuk people. The Fringes people think life is change and the reason that God sent Tribulation is because of the little change that is happening. The Waknuk people resist change. They think that if they have kept everything perfect, or in another word have kept everything the same, God would not have sent Tribulation. This belief made the Waknuk people have no progress in civilization. No newer breeds of animals are allowed and no new crops should be planted. Anything different from the original species would be cast away and thrown to the Fringes. The Fringes people had wanted change but sadly were repressed from doing so by the concepts of the Waknuk people. Similarily, as a result both the Fringes civilization and the Waknuk civilization made no further progress in their current civilizations. Unlike these two civilizations, the Sealand civilization has already made an amazing progress since the Tribulation. Large cities were built, and transportation devices like cars and helicopters were available. Most importantly, people are accepted as who they are. People who have telepathic powers like David, Rosalind, and Petra were considered as highly gifted people. Life is change, according to one of the quotes that the Spider man said. â€Å"He sent along Tribulation to bust it up and remind’em that life is change. † Change is what brings about improvement of the living just like what the Sealand lady said. â€Å"The essential quality of life is living: the essential quality of living is change; change is evolution: and we are part of it. †