Analysis of Mail on Sunday Article on Tourism Essay

Just by looking at the titles given by ‘the mail on sunday’ and the shelter advertisment, a lot can be told. â€Å"Is he keeping the tourists away.† This title from ‘the mail on sunday’ almost instantly puts negative views on the person named ‘he’. This title is very effective in the way that ‘he’ is used instead of ‘she’ or ‘they’. ‘He’ is used because men are a stronger then women and so people feel more uncomfortable when ‘he’ is used. The title is also effective in the way that it gives the basic backround of the subject. By giving a small bit of information the reader wants to read on and find out all the facts. â€Å"The five faces of homelessness.† The title from the shelter advertisment is clever in many ways. The title is cleverly linked to the pictures at the bottom of the page which are pictures of five homeless peoples faces. This advertisment aswell as the Mail on sunday article feeds potential readers a bit of information which makes them want to read on which is what a titles job is. Looking at the language produced by the two articles a lot can be told. The mail on sunday article is written in an informal manner which is effective in the way that it provides a good use of emotive words and phrases. In this article all of the emotive words are used as a weapon against the homeless people. An example of this is when the article uses words like ‘dossers’ and ‘beggars’ or more effectively ‘unwanted deterant’. The emotive words alone give vital information. Effective phrases like ‘army of scroungers’, ‘hordes of beggars’, ‘traditional begging grounds’ and ‘proffetional beggars’ give the reader the impression that the homeless beg in large proffessional groups that are organized like an army. Also expressions like ‘frightening women and older people’ illistrate that the homeless are clever and threatening. The article aso tries to give the impression that the homele ss are a desease by using phrases like ‘a new plague’ or even by using long discrptive sentances : â€Å"Littered with used condoms, broken bottles, larger cans, syringes and human excrement.† This emotive sentance is yet another example of the article suggesting that the homeless bring desease. The words ‘condoms’ and ‘syringes’ direct the reader to thinking about aids. Throughout the article emotive words are used to describe the homeless but are also used to describe towns and cities. â€Å"Regency splendour of Brighton,† â€Å"The network of medievel streets,† â€Å"Magnificent abbey,† â€Å"Historic heart of London† These quotations are full of poetic words which describe tourist attraction cities such as London or Bath. Poetic words are used so that the reader can compare the so called ‘beautiful cities with so called ‘dossers’ or ‘beggars’. This succeeds because it helps the reader to picture a beautiful city and then think of the homeless ‘trashing’ it. Throughout the article the word Britain is used more then six times. This is effective because it is patriotic towards Britain in the way that it tells the reader that it is their country at stake. The use of quotations in the mail on sunday article plays a big part in the effectiveness of the article by backing up the articles statements with facts. One example of this would be when the reporter says about the beggars targeting visitors and foreigners. Later on in the article this is backed up by a quotation from a homeless man: â€Å"The foreigners are the best catch.† In the shelter advertisment the emotive words are used in defence of the homeless. â€Å"My mother’kicked’ me out,† â€Å"My landlord ‘threw’ me out.† These quotations are examples of how emotive words are used to make the reader sympathetic towards the homeless. In this advertisment emotive words are used to tell the reader that most homeless people do not choose to be homeless. The words used in this advertisment are extreamly powerfull and are sometimes repeated because of this. â€Å"Racial harrassment,† â€Å"Sexually abused,† â€Å"physicly abused,† All of these phrases are very simular and are very powerfull. The use of quotations in the shelter advertisment is scarce but effective. In this advertisment quotations are used cleverly by putting captions next to pictures of homeless people. One example is with the picture of the face woman on the phone. â€Å"For three years i was sexually abused by my brother. My parents didn’t believe me, so i left to get away from it.† This is effective because it shows that homeless people are real and that they can not help being homeless. In an article the layout is one of the key factors of success. In the mail on sunday article the layout is outstanding and a lot can be learned from it. The most effective example of clever layout in the mail on sunday article is the big picture of the homeless man surrounded by small pictures of beautiful tourist monuments.The picture of the homeless man is clever because you can not see his face because it is covered by his hair. This is effective because not being able to see his face takes all things that are humane out of him and makes the reader see him as an animal.This is also effective because the picture of the homeless man fits the discription given by the reporter. â€Å"Crackdown on these ugly gangs, with their torn and filthy t shirts, matted hair and pitful stories.† The most clever and effective thing of all is the way that the big picture of the homeless man seems to be pushing away the small pictures of the beautiful monuments. This symbolises the point that the reporter is trieing to make which is that the homeless people are destroying Britains heritage. Another clever piece of layout is where the really important and effective information is enlarged and put in bold. The bold font draws the readers eyes towards the information which makes sure that the most important piece of information is read. â€Å"Beggars making à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½100 a day who threaten Britains visitors- and a à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½25bn industry!† The layout of the shelter advertisment aswell as the mail on sunday article is very clever and effective. Aswell as the mail on sunday article the shelter advertisment uses bold writing and enlarged font when expressing an important point: â€Å"Homes cost less than homelessness!† In this advertisment the important points are also put in a box which draws the readers eyes. As said before the editor very cleverly put faces of homeless people with captions next to them proving that most of the homeless are no different to any body else. The most effective layout in this advertisment is where anti homeless statements are written in bold and then underneath statements that counter attack the anti homeless statements: â€Å"Squatters are vandals.† â€Å"Very few squatters damage their squats†¦etc This is clever because it has an answer to attack any anti homeless statement and so the readers views on homeless people change.

Foundation and Empire Prologue

The Galactic Empire Was Falling. It was a colossal Empire, stretching across millions of worlds from arm-end to arm-end of the mighty multi-spiral that was the Milky Way. Its fall was colossal, too – and a long one, for it had a long way to go. It had been falling for centuries before one man became really aware of that fall. That man was Hari Seldon, the man who represented the one spark of creative effort left among the gathering decay. He developed and brought to its highest pitch the science of psychohistory. Psychohistory dealt not with man, but with man-masses. It was the science of mobs; mobs in their billions. It could forecast reactions to stimuli with something of the accuracy that a lesser science could bring to the forecast of a rebound of a billiard ball. The reaction of one man could be forecast by no known mathematics; the reaction of a billion is something else again. Hari Seldon plotted the social and economic trends of the time, sighted along the curves and foresaw the continuing and accelerating fall of civilization and the gap of thirty thousand years that must elapse before a struggling new Empire could emerge from the ruins. It was too late to stop that fall, but not too late to narrow the gap of barbarism. Seldon established two Foundations at â€Å"opposite ends of the Galaxy† and their location was so designed that in one short millennium events would knit and mesh so as to force out of them a stronger, more permanent, more benevolent Second Empire. Foundation (Gnome Press, 1951) has told the story of one of those Foundations during the first two centuries of life. It began as a settlement of physical scientists on Terminus, a planet at the extreme end of one of the spiral arms of the Galaxy. Separated from the turmoil of the Empire, they worked as compilers of a universal compendium of knowledge, the Encyclopedia Galactica, unaware of the deeper role planned for them by the already-dead Seldon, As the Empire rotted, the outer regions fell into the hands of independent â€Å"kings.† The Foundation was threatened by them. However, by playing one petty ruler against another, under the leadership of their first mayor, Salvor Hardin, they maintained a precarious independence. As sole possessors, of nuclear power among worlds which were losing their sciences and falling back on coal and oil, they even established an ascendancy. The Foundation became the â€Å"religious† center of the neighboring kingdoms. Slowly, the Foundation developed a trading economy as the Encyclopedia receded into the background. Their Traders, dealing in nuclear gadgets which not even the Empire in its heyday could have duplicated for compactness, penetrated hundreds of light-years through the Periphery. Under Hober Mallow, the first of the Foundation's Merchant Princes, they developed the techniques of economic warfare to the point of defeating the Republic of Korell, even though that world was receiving support from one of the outer provinces of what was left of the Empire. At the end of two hundred years, the Foundation was the most powerful state in the Galaxy, except for the remains of the Empire, which, concentrated in the inner third of the Milky Way, still controlled three quarters of the population and wealth of the Universe. It seemed inevitable that the next danger the Foundation would have to face was the final lash of the dying Empire. The way must he cleared for the battle of Foundation and Empire.

Attitude Survey Essay

I created a survey for parents of adolescents to determine how important they think it is for their teens to be educated on environmental issues. This paper will explain the purpose of the survey and discuss the preliminary design issues that I experienced while creating the survey. Then, the paper will describe how this survey should be administered, scored and interpreted. Purpose of Survey The purpose of this survey is to get parents opinions on their adolescent’s involvement in environmental issues. The reason for this survey is that even people, who conserve natural resources, recycle and help keep the community clean are not always as aware of making their adolescents do their part. It is proven that, if parents are environmental and energy friendly in their actions then their children are more prone to be as well. (Sierra, 2009). If parents take it into their own hands to educate their adolescents they can rest assured the teens will do their part. This survey will show if parents feel that their children should have to take on this responsibility, or if they should be allowed to remain childish and carefree in their actions. This survey will also distinguish is parents held themselves accountable for teaching their adolescents to be conscious of their actions and how they influence the environment. Preliminary Design Issues Issues with the design of surveys include distinguishing which questions should be asked, and if these said questions would get true responses or false answers. The questions that are asked will determine the outcome of the survey. This survey was developed for parents of adolescents. The parents may or may not par take in activities that are geared to sustain the  environment such as conserving natural resources and recycling. This survey is not about the parents themselves, however, but rather about how educated about the environment that they think their teens are and should be. This survey can be taken individually, but would yield better results if given in a group setting, with an administer present so that the questions could not be discussed among the respondents. The survey is very brief and should take no longer than 10 minutes to complete. It is a simple 12 question survey that is given in the Likert format, with the scale being 5 answers ranging from strongly disagree t o strongly agree. (Hogan, 2007). â€Å"A Likert-type scale assumes that the strength/intensity of experience is linear, i.e. on a continuum from strongly agree to strongly disagree, and makes the assumption that attitudes can be measured. Respondents may be offered a choice of five to seven or even nine pre-coded responses with the neutral point being neither agree nor disagree†. (McLeod, 2008). In my survey, there are five pre-coded responses, with the neutral point being unsure. It does not have to be a professional who administers the survey. The administer should have some knowledge in scoring and be well informed on the topic so that they may answer any questions the respondents may have. Specific Instructions for Administering, Scoring and Interpreting the Survey Individual questions will be asked to the respondents before they begin the survey. These questions will include things like name, age, gender, marital status, number of children in home, and age of adolescents. Simple questions about the respondent’s environmental views will also be asked. The only people present during the survey will be the respondents and the administrator. Since the survey has no right or wrong answers, all respondents will be urged to answer honestly so that the results will be accurate. The scoring of the survey will also be relatively simple. A five point scale, with numerical values will be issued. The assigned values will be as follows; -2 for strongly disagree, -1 for disagree, 0 for unsure, +1 for agree, and +2 for strongly agree. Once the surveys are scored the totals will be correlated. A respondent with a 0 score or mostly middle responses will be concluded as neutral or no opinion. A respondent with high scores would be seen as having favorable attitudes toward adolescents and their role in sustaining the environment. A respondent that had low scores would be seen as having a negative attitude about adolescents taking  responsibility for the environment. Then, the surveys would be tallied to determine the general attitude concerning adolescents and the environment. Conclusion This survey was created to determine the attitudes of parents with adolescents on how much responsibility the teens should have in sustaining the environment. The adolescents are the focus, but the survey will also allow results on the attitudes of the respondents as well. The results will also be able to be broken down into sub-categories based on the age, gender, and marital status of the respondents. References Hogan, Thomas, P. (2007). Psychological Testing: A Practical Introduction, 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley & Sons Langh, Sierra. (2009). 4 ways to encourage environmental awareness in your youth. Tampa Teen Issues Examiner. Retrieved From: http://www.examiner.com/article/4-ways-to-encourage-environmental-awareness-your-youth McLeod, Saul. (2008). Likert Scale. Simply Psychology. Retrieved From: http://www.simplypsychology.org/likert-scale.html

Questions 1 and 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Questions 1 and 2 - Essay Example This includes to the society, government, world, and the  community  (Peter, 1997: p.112). The foremost purpose of the development of a business is not to  attest  to these responsibilities but is the  responsibility  to itself; making profits. Other aspects of the market and non market components also  have  effect  on the  business  and are also in turn affected by the business. Issues such as the population, government regulations, environmental  conservation  and social health  responsibility  are in  effect  of this. NGOs are entities created by individuals or groups within the  society  to deal with  certain  issues in the  society  through advocating, lobbying, electoral support,  judicial  action  and coalition building. In order to deal with such issues, they may even sometimes  conform  to public and  private  politics. This is for the  business  to  correct  its issues and consumers to  attain  their r ights. Such NGOs act as watch dogs for the external components of business such as the environment and people. Through such ways as discussed above they are able to  ascertain  for the fulfillment of the responsibilities that the business has. In the conduction of this, it also acts as a check on the governments effects on the business environment that in turn affect the people. This is through actions such as  harsh  regulations and taxes. ... This includes such aspects as discussed above on environmental, societal, regulatory and employee  consideration. This has culminated the  advent  of altruistic behavior in organizations fearing tainting their image, lobbyism against them and law suits. It can so be concluded that, NGOs do play a particularly crucial role in ensuring adherence to responsibilities by corporations and organizations  thus  positive behavioral actions (Keck, 1998: p.56). 2. Regulation of HRM activities of MNCs via the introduction of Minimum Labor Standards into international agreements on free trade Multinational corporations are currently extremely emerged in the economies of the world. This has brought about the development of super powers, and this  superiority  over other  nation’s economies has its adverse effects. Issues such as  employment  creation, improved living conditions, and industrialization are some of the benefits of such international trade. On the other hand , there are adverse effects such as the  killing  of local industries, social dumping, tax evasions and illegalities within the corporations that may occur (Tarrow, 2005: p.86). As a result of these various effects, it is of the suggestion that the human resource management activities of multinational corporations should be checked through the  introduction  of minimum labor standards into the  international  free trade agreements. Through the  application  of such minimum labor standards, some of the multinational corporations that consider themselves with key investors in the  foreign  economies kept at bay. As, such they lack the opportunity to  threaten  such economies with the rights

Strategic Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strategic Plan - Assignment Example External analysis of global car industry: [On the basis of MACRO (PESTEL) Analysis] (for reference see Appendix-1) The auto industry is often thought of as one of the most global of all industries. Car industry is experiencing rapid changes with globalization (Carson, 2004). Rapid changes are also altering the industry structure and attractiveness. The emerging markets include Latin America (Mainly Brazil), ASEAN countries, Eastern Europe, China and India. The fast growing emerging markets taken together, increased vehicle sales by 70-80% and production by almost 80-90%(Auto Industry Statistics). Car sales growth rate in US is around 3.5%, in Western Europe around 2.5% and in Japan around 1.5% while in China it is almost 9%. Globally the total car industry employment is predicated to reach 4.8 million by 2015. It is estimated that global car industry revenue reach 903 billion Euros by 2015. So the car industry has been focused on the potential of the emerging markets to offset the in dustries maturity and stagnation in the Triad economics of scale and spread the costs of developing new models. One of the main features of car industry experiencing is, manufacturers extending their operations in developing countries. For global producers, rapidly growing markets in developing countries were meant to provide for spreading vehicle development costs; for establishing cheap production sites for the production of selected vehicles and components; and for access to new markets for higher end vehicles. "Corporate strategies in regard to globalization vary depending on the starting point of individual firms, but there seems to be a large measure of convergence toward 1) building vehicles where they are sold, 2) designing vehicles with common 'global' under-body Platforms while retaining the ability to adapt bodies, trim levels and ride characteristics to a wide range of local conditions" (Sturgeon and Florida, 1999). Now we are going to analyze in short, different strategic tools, which are available to analyze global car industry. The strategic tools and different analysis techniques that we used to critically analyze the industry are: Macro environment: PESTEL analysis Industry: Porter's five forces Strategic groups and Cognitive map Key Factors for Success Marketplace: Market Segmentation, Targeting & Positioning Telescopic Observation Matrix Political forces as well as WTO regime plays major role in opening of the markets for foreign players. Change in the regulations of the market due to governments policies, foreign direct investment increased and also funds started to flow towards developing countries to establish new manufacturing plants. Due to these political and economical changes North American & European manufacturers opened new plants in Eastern Europe, Asia and South

Advertising media selection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Advertising media selection - Essay Example Advertising will provide the Starbucks the opportunity to maintain a competitive advantage in coffee market,as well as maintain the brand value.Successful advertising is based on media plan,goals of the advertising,the target audience and the budget and time span. The facts preceding the need for the media plan and advertising include the concern for growing coffee retailers thus increased competition, and due to the recent concentration on expansion, the management is concerned about potential brand devaluing. Therefore, the media plan offers potential solutions to these two key issues, by providing a way to maintain critical market position, and brand value.The chosen media to use in placing the advertising include television, radio, newspaper, direct mail, and outdoor billboards. Television, radio, newspaper, and billboards will offer the opportunity to reach a wide and anonymous audience, which will especially be achieved by using the major daily newspaper, The Seattle Times, the n one major radio stations KUOW-FM 94.9, and one major television stations. The direct mail will provide niche media focusing on a particular target audience, which is persons aged 25-50 years from middle/upper middle class. The heartbeat of any media campaign is the media outlet, because even if the message is well constructed and meaningful, without a delivery system that can attain the required impact the campaign becomes a waste of company money and time (Kelley and Jugenheimer 3). Considering this, the chosen media outlets have the required impact in reaching to a large audience. ... Advertising Goals This encompasses the need for the message noting that the chosen message should "attract, inform, entertain, promote, convince, and sell the product" to the audience, hence should be attractive and interesting (Kelley and Jugenheimer 5). Setting the advertising goals provides the marketing team the opportunity to ensure the message will meet all its requirements. The advertising focuses on capturing a market segment for the Starbucks coffee products aged 25-50 years from middle/upper middle class families. The reasons for targeting this market segment are their potential to spend on branded coffee on an affordable market compared to up-scale branded market coffee. Further, advertising will enable the coffee house retain the brand value and create customer confidence by showing despite the extensive expansion, the kiosk is still able to provide quality coffee products as the tradition. In addition, advertising will capture the concern of increasing retailers in coffee, which is significantly eroding the customer base, making it important to have a market niche, and build towards maintaining it. Target audience The advertising will target the general populace, but offer a special emphasis on persons aged 25-50 from middle/upper middle class, who may not target the upper-scale retail shops but are willing to have brand coffee, such as provided by the Starbucks. The selling line will focus on showing this group that although coffee in upper market may be expensive; they can have the same excellent quality at a cheaper price that they can afford. The target audience will consider working people thus target them in the morning and evening. Marketing Strategy The advertising will start with a

The Developing Child Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

The Developing Child - Essay Example An understanding of a child’s development is significant since it gives an insight into the cognitive, bodily, emotional, social, and educative development that a child undergoes. The major theories attempt to describe every aspect of development using models. The theory shares a school of thought that children are born with a hereditary aptitude to learn any human language. He further maintains that particular linguistic configurations, which children use so perfectly, are already embossed on the child’s intellect (Socha, 2010). Child A understands the use of different objects that he is familiar with. He even uses sound effects for his car during their play with Child B, mainly because he understood the particular configuration of a car including the sound it makes when in motion. It was evident that Child A went ahead to add two big pieces to his model and alerted Child B about his new model, the airplane. Clearly, Child A is so accurate in his design and uses previous experience to affirm his involvement. Secondly, Chomsky’s theory explains that there exists a language acquisition device or LAD in every child’s brain, which is responsible for encoding the major principles of a language, and its grammatical structures. Every child uses LAD to form simple sentences during a conversation (Saxton, 2014). In the context, it is evident that Child A can use simple sentences when speaking, and does use link words in his sentences. The ability to use simple sentences confirms that the child is already aware of the basic sentence construction, and therefore, uses it to instruct Child B to run away from the monsters. This confirms the child’s grammatical understanding. Thirdly, Chomsky informs that a child doesn’t probably learn a language through mimic only, because the language that people around them speak is extremely lopsided.

Is Multiculturalism good for Britain OR How important is the UK Essay

Is Multiculturalism good for Britain OR How important is the UK economy in shaping British society - Essay Example It has been hugely appreciated and encouraged for long, however, in today’s scenario of terrorism, especially after 2001 riots and 7 July bombings in Britain, multiculturalism is highly questioned for its reliability and its continuity as policy in future. There are many concerns but most important highlight is the segregation rather than integration of cultures due to multiculturalism. This paper studies the different perspectives about multiculturalism and its background briefly in order to determine whether it is good for Britain or not. For understanding multiculturalism in Britain it is crucial to define multiculturalism in its simple and genuine meaning as Sivanandan (2006) stated: ‘Multiculturalism simply means cultural diversity, and that diversity can either be a good thing, leading to integration, or a bad thing, leading to separatism. It is the socio-economic context and the country’s policies that determine the direction in which multiculturalism develops.’ In order to decide whether Multiculturalism is good or bad for Britain, it is crucial to understand the beginning of multicultural Britain. Despite the classic definition of Roy Jenkins’, ‘Integration is not a flattening process of assimilation but equal opportunity accompanied by cultural diversity in an atmosphere of mutual tolerance’(cited in Sivanandan 2006) racial discrimination continued to flourish in employment, social services and other areas and mutual tolerance was destabilized by self-interest of politicians who used anti-immigration agenda for getting votes. Cultural diversity is not any of the government’s decree but an expression of unified struggle and a joint fight of people from different communities, faiths, religions and locals. They were Asian, Afro-Caribbean and Whites who achieved unity in diversity which led to the government’s initiative of anti-discrimination legislation in Race Relation Acts of 65, 68 and 76.This was the t rue

Philosophy of David Hume in response to Rene Descartes Essay

Philosophy of David Hume in response to Rene Descartes - Essay Example On the contrary, Hume responds by demonstrating his philosophy on empiricism whereby an a posteriori knowledge is required apart from analytical endeavor for such theory posits that matters of fact in the world may only be ascertained by perceiving through the senses. In the light of an empirical attempt for one to obtain certainty with truths that may be contingent, Hume necessitates engagement with observations wherein an observer becomes capable of designating philosophical connections with contiguity and identity of objects. Hume holds suspicion on Descartes’ belief on pure reasoning on the basis of arguing that causes and effects are physically adjacent in space so â€Å"the causal inference must be grounded in experience, not in any intuitive knowledge of ‘essences’†. If causes exist in reality, according to Hume, no reasoning can It is basically indispensable for Hume that humans understand how they are led to the factual goal by having resolutions to it sought through sensory experiences that are external or extrinsic by nature. Hume claims: â€Å"Even after we have experience of the operations of cause and effect, our conclusions from that experience are not founded on reasoning† that is why causal beliefs may not be treated an a priori for perceptions by sense establish a strong basis around a contingent truth that relies heavily on ‘matters of fact’ which are directly observed. Kant, nevertheless, argues â€Å"Have courage to use your own reason† in his attempt to address lack of enlightenment during his time for enlightenment in a man pertains to a state when the latter has overcome or emerged above his immature self. It is claimed that beyond man’s immaturity, there exists sufficient capacity to understand in the absence of external guiding principle and in this propos ition, the immaturity of an individual is considered to be imposed upon oneself and

Final report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Final report - Essay Example One of the environmental trends that affect the product’s demand is the legal environment. As an innovative product, we expect to reserve rights over the product through patent rights. This prevents other people or entities from producing and trading in a similar product. Patent right however run for a specified period then protection of rights over innovation becomes void. During the protection period, the venture anticipates an increasing demand as the product gains popularity into the market because of limited level of competition. The legal environment will ensure minimal competition but tight competition is expected after expiry of patent rights as other parties are likely to develop and sell similar products and demand will be expected to reduce. Trend in the legal environment that changes by legislations may also have adverse impacts on the venture should legislation be enforced to term illegalize the product on safety and health grounds. This is because of its scope th at allows electric charges into people’s bodies, a factor that may become controversial a legislation that bans the product will terminate its demand (Lamb, Hair and McDaniel 128, 155). Economic trend also affect the product because of the trend’s impact on people’s ability to purchase. ... Demographic factors such as level of education social class and age are other trends that affect the product’s demand. Level of education plays an important role in informing people of the safety in using the devise and together with social class empowers people towards demand. The wider scope of the product’s market that targets the global market extends these trends from local to national and global levels (Luck 56). Consumers’ taste and preference against the product may influence the market and limit our potential to sell the product. Customer research: To analyze demographics, psychographics, and purchasing behavior of the target market A primary research was necessary to understand the target market. The research implemented a qualitative research design through phenomenology. Qualitative research was selected because of its scope and type of data that corresponded to the type of research that aimed at understanding psychological and behavioral aspects of t he target market. Phenomenology, a research design that relies on participants’ experience to develop an understanding of their perspective was used because of its suitability for the scope of research and its ability to capture reality. Survey questionnaire was applied on a randomly selected sample of 12 participants (McNabb 147, 148, 301, 302, 308, ). The following is the applied survey questionnaire. The participants were offered the product to use for a week and the questionnaire administered to each of them. Survey Questionnaire How effective are the normal alarms in waking you up? Have you tried our product before? How effective is our product in waking people up compared to traditional alarms?

Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 26

Business Law - Essay Example Prior to commencement of the job, Peter receives a better paying job, and does not show up for work. John can go to court and claim the $500 initial payment on grounds that Peter has breached the contract. Such a claim would be referred to as contractual liability claim. It is common occurrence for businesses, individuals or organizations to get into agreement, often in writing, for the purpose of taking on the liability or a duty of some other entity. Usually the liability is something they would otherwise not have. Such an arrangement where one entity assumes or takes on the liability of another by contract is referred to as an indemnity agreement. Each state has diverse laws on indemnity laws though they usually override common law. Indemnity agreements often form the basis of a contractual liability claim. Contractual liability may come into play in several other scenarios. Examples of such scenarios include assumption of duty, assuming of liability, contractual liability insurance, breach of contract claims, and coverage by insurance. In the UK, contractual liability fall under the Unfair Contract Term Act of 1977, which is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, charged with regulating contracts by restriction of operation and legality of contract terms. In this case study, we are going to use ILAC method to better advice Simon on the best way forward in regards to his situation. ILAC stands for Issue, Law, Application, and conclusion. This technique provide a more logical way of addressing case studies. The facts of this case study are that Fernado and Arthur have sent Simon cheques of varying amount and expect, to receive the book. Also, Simon has since sold the book to a Gollum Book Ltd. According to misrepresentation2 concepts of contract law of England, it is possible to make a misrepresentation either by conduct or words although not all things done or said constitute

Theories in Media and Society Essay Example for Free

Theories in Media and Society Essay According to National academy of sciences (1999) a theory is a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experimentation. In this light one gets to discuss the Structural functionalist theory and the Conflict Theory which are both theoretical perspectives found in the Media and Society. (a)(i) First and foremost, the Structural functionalist theory is amongst the theories found on the aspect of organization of society. This theory can also be referred to as Structural Functionalism, and it has the following assumptions. To begin with, the Structural Functionalist theory postulates or suggests that society is a complex system whose various parts (structures) work together to produce stability and solidarity.  These structures are a part of society because of their functionality in ensuring stability and solidarity. In other words, without their functionality in ensuring these two aspects mentioned prior, these structures would not be part of society.  To add on, Durkheim and Comte suggest that these parts of the society work together like the parts of a body for the benefit of society. In other words, one can say that these parts are inter-dependent, that is, they rely on each other to fully serve their purpose.  It is important for one to also note that this theory has two functionalities, and these are Manifest Functions and Latent Functions. In this aspect, Manifest functions in this case are those objective consequences contributing to the adjustment or adaptation of the system which are in tended and recognized by participants in the system. Examples include education, moral guidance, law and order maintenance. On the other hand, Latent functions are those functions that are neither intended nor recognized. In other words, they are somewhat less important as compared to Manifest Functions. Furthermore, organization of society theoretical perspectives also include the Conflict Theory. It has the following assumptions: The Conflict Theory suggests that society is made up of groups that are competing for scarce resources. In other words, this theory states that society is divided or disintegrated into various groups that scramble, if not fight for, these resources in order to survive be it socially, economically or politically. To add on, the conflict theory also suggests that power and inequality are the main characteristics of society and social groups are involved in power struggle (Karl Max). One can simply say that this means that the system called Society is patterned with power dynamics, and in those power dynamics are power struggles. Furthermore, this theory also states that this power struggle mentioned above, is a struggle for dominance amongst classes, genders, races, religions to mention but just a few. This simply means that in the entirety of society, there is the aspect of â€Å"survival of the fittest† in which the dominant ones survive and rule over the defeated or over the weak. In  addition, the conflict theory also assumes that there is social domination of subordinate groups through the power coercion of dominant groups. Furthermore, this theory also assumes that the dominant groups create rules for success and opportunity in society and they monopolize control, power, privilege and authority. In addition to the above mentioned, the conflict theory also assumes that the primary cause of social problems is the exploitation and oppression of subordinate groups by the dominant. A typical example is the conflict within the Ndebele State. It has 3 states, namely the Enhla, Ezansi and the Hole. The original Ndebele people were found in the upper class and they exploited some classes like the Hole for example and this led to a lot of conflict within the Ndebele society. Hence, it is typical for exploitation and oppression of subordinates to be the primary cause of social problems. One can say that these theories are valid in explaining the existence of, and the relationships between individuals and groups in society to a larger extent. To begin with, the assumptions of the structural functionalist theory are valid to a larger extent. The assumption that society is a complex system whose various parts (structures) work together to produce stability and solidarity is valid because it shows us that society has relationships, and that in their relationships, they have a goal which is to produce solidarity and stability. For example, the Zimbabwean society, the government in particular, always stresses on the need for the Zimbabwean society to be stable in terms its economy, and that it should maintain and promote solidarity. These two aspects are usually mentioned by the President of Zimbabwe R. G. Mugabe. To add on, one can say that the assumptions of the structural functionalistic theory are valid in explaining the existence of, and the relationships between individuals and groups in society. For example the one that states that society is made up of parts which work together like the parts of the body is a very practical assumption about society’s relationships. One can argue that in society there are groups of people, for example workers, students, civil servants, aristocrats and so forth. One can give an  illustration by referring to the Great Zimbabwe State that once existed in Zimbabwe. Miners could not survive alone because they depended on blacksmiths to make them tools for digging and excavating. Thus this simply shows that indeed society’s groups which are seen as parts in this theory, are inter-dependent on each other hence this theory is valid if not actually practical. Furthermore, these two theories are valid because they show us the existence of conflict within the society. The conflict theory states that society is made up of groups that compete for resources and this is very true and practical. A situation like this happened in Zimbabwe during the colonial era whereby whites were exploiting the resources available in Zimbabwe which eventually led to the Chimurenga war. The relationship between these two races was very hostile and sour because of the competition for these scarce resources. This war took place because there was intense competition for resources in the country and as such, this war was to settle the fight. Thus in essence, these theories are quite valid in explaining the existence of relationships in society. Society is made of classes that compete for scarce resources and this is best illustrated in the conflict theory. It states that in society, dominant classes oppress and exploit the lower classes which eventually leads to conflict. An example is the Apartheid Era in South Africa. The Boers were oppressing and exploiting the blacks and their resources. The blacks advocated for equality, through their icon Nelson Mandela. This sour between the blacks and the whites led to a serious conflict which was catalyzed by the competition for resources. Hence one can argue that these theories explain the existence of, and the relationships between individuals and groups in society to a larger extent. In addition, these theories are valid in explaining the relationships that exist in society to a larger extent. They enable one to fully understand the fact that conflict is part and parcel of society and that it is sometimes needed in order for development to occur. To add on, these theories also enhance one’s understanding of how society is divided and structured. It  shows that society has groups and individuals who live together in relationships, and that in these relationships, they serve to achieve certain goals and objectives like solidarity for example. In a nutshell, the conflict and the social functionalist theory are theories that are very much socialistic and they help one to get the concept of how society is organized, how the members of society relate to each other in achieving their goals and also that conflict exists in society. These theories are somewhat a blue print of how society is organized and how its members are inter-dependent on each other to survive.

Social Skills Improvement System Rating Scales

Social Skills Improvement System Rating Scales Abstract The objective of the Test and Measurement unit is to assist students get to understand the importance and the need of tests and measurement in the field of psychology. During counselling psychology, many testes and measurements are applied in the identification as well as definition behaviours as well as the mental state of clients. Among them is the Social Skill Improvement Rating System, which is just a taste that was developed to measure and assess social deficits within a person. The system is administered by high psychometric properties. It has been noted that, it has excellent internal consistency, adequate reliability as well as excellent to adequate excellent test-retest reliability. The samples used in testing reliability and validity are adequate. The tests in one way or the other addresses the significance of evidence-based multi-tired assessment that are applied when helping student to develop, improve as well as maintain their useful social skills. As a family, SSIS includes performance screening, class wide intervention program, rating scales as well as intervention guide. The instrument is a revised version of the most used SSRS, which enjoys strong history of use in most schools. In addition, the social skill improvement system rating scales, tent to have very strong psychometric features, along with scoring, makes the test ideally suitable to demands of screening, development of interventions as well as classifications in the middle schools. On the other hand, though there is existence of studies along with the information don the Social Skill Rating System, on the other hand, much has not been done to on the current SSIS These tests are best used within the context of four-phase problem solving processes. By this model, it is not easy for one to ignore the main purpose of the assignment, and that no matter the specific aim for waiting to assess SEL competencies, one tent to concentrate on his/her own assessment information in a manner that helps one the most significant questions. Tests and Measurements: Social Skills Improvement System Rating Scales Introduction In the course, Tests and Measurements, enables one to gained understandings about the significance, need, and use of tests and measurements in the Psychology field. Psychology in its self is a broad field that can be applied in multiple settings, focusing on different aspects, yet operating with the same direction and purpose. Psychology studies the mental state and behaviour of individuals. In order to obtain knowledge about individuals, as such, Psychologists and trained professionals establish and develop procedures that are meant to identify and define specifics about an individual. These procedures are considered as Tests and Measurements, which were developed to diagnose and assess individuals through using subject-specific constructs to provide logical reason and evidence to validate predictions or proposed diagnosis. In Psychology, different diagnosis, behaviours, and disorders have been defined and identified through a wide array of tests and measurements. With the diversity in tests and measurements, psychologists are able to define most mental states and behaviours presented by individuals. Fields of Psychology, like Clinical, Educational, Industrial-Organization, and Counselling, all have specific uses of tests and measurements to clearly define behaviours and mental statuses and establish treatment, diagnosis intervention, and therapeutic method interventions. With a specialization in Counselling Psychology, professionals deal with the intrapsychic of a client. Questions that counselling psychologists work to identify for client clarification are, How does the client view themselves? What strengths/weaknesses does the client identify as existing? How are the clients social life, social relationships, and professional relations? These are questions that Counselling Psychologists seeks to unde rstand and use for client comprehension and clarity. This step commences as the starting point for Counselling Psychologists to rebuild and rehabilitate a client, (Psychcorp.com, 2011). In counselling psychology, multiple tests and measurements are used to identify and define behaviours and mental state of the client. The original Social Skills Rating Skills, which is now known as The Social Skills Improvement Rating System, is a test developed to measure and assesses social deficits within a person. This psychological test was intended to serve as a tool in identifying behaviours of a person, in order to, diagnose and treat to improve the social aspects of the person. With a purpose to build strengths, healthy relationships, and positive outlooks about the self, the SSIS is a relevant assessment that can be used by counselling psychologists, in order to obtain results about an individuals mental state about the self, social life, and personal lifestyle. In this paper, an attempt will be made to define and describe the SSIS and how it could be used in Counselling Psychology. Social Skills Improvement System Rating Scales This test was developed by Elliot, Husse Gresham, this social skill rating system was published in 1990 by the American Guidance services. The social skill improvement system (SSIS), (Gresham Elliot), is just a comprehensive system of social skills assessment as well as the intervention tool for use with children and as well as these who are still in adolescence from the age of 3 years to 18 years, (Diperna, Volpe, 2005).. For my final paper, I have chosen to discuss the measurement Social Skills Rating System (SSRS), which is newly revised as the Social Skills Improvement System Rating Scales (SSiS). The newly revised version of the Social Skills Rating System is now the Social Skills Improvement System, which includes improvements in psychometrics, norms, and a new set of subscales (Psychcorp.com, 2011), as well as, a Spanish edition. Gresham and Elliot (2008) states that, Ninety percent of the items were new or substantially revised (paragraph 5). The Social Skills Improvement is intended to identify any social deficits, recognizing positive behaviours, as well as, negative behaviours, in students age ranging from 3 to 18. The SSIS includes three forms to identify social behaviours, the teacher-parent-student forms, which purposes are to evaluate behaviours at home, community, and within the school. Psychometric Qualities of the Test Standardization SSIS is a self-administered assessment, with a completion time between 10-25 minutes. The newly revised SSIS consists of technically sound measures when referring to the norms (Gresham Elliot, 2008). The norm group consisted of a mixture of 4,700 3-18 year old students. The sample was diverse and included representative numbers of children with educational disabilities and mental disorders, making the norms well-rounded and inclusive of all different cases of student descriptions. Reliability The revised Social Skills Rating System includes the same three forms as the original SSRS, the teacher, parent, and student, yet with better internal consistency reliability. Each form of the SSIS and there standard scores resulted in displaying consistent reliability. Test-retest methods were done over a 43-66 day time period and the results were as follow, for the Teacher form, results describe median adjusted correlations of .83 across 43-day intervals, with median adjusted correlations of .86 across 61-day intervals for the Parent form, and median adjusted correlations of .79 across 66-day intervals for the Student form (Gresham Elliot, 2008a). Validity According to Gresham Elliot (2008a), SSIS Rating Scales include three useful validity scales that allow examiners to judge the veracity of ratters: an F scale that will be elevated when ratters describe students as having an unrealistic number of problems; a response pattern index that is elevated if ratters provide an unusual pattern of responses (e.g., provides the same response to most of the items or provides a highly variable number of responses); and a response consistency index that is elevated if ratters complete similar items in very different ways(,paragraph 3). The validity of the construct has obviously made major and effective improvements, by measuring exactly what it is intended to measure. Correlations of the scales with measuring similar behaviour were high, with measurements of non-similar behaviours not correlating, (Gresham Elliot, 2008b). Uses of Tests The social skill improvement system in one way or the other addresses the significance for an evidence-based, multi-tired assessment that are used in the process of helping students to develop, improve as well as maintain much important social skills. Such like tools contained in the test, can be used early in the school years for the facilitation of the universal screening of these students who happen to be at risk for academic or even social behaviour difficulties. In one way or the other, it helps to plan for the interventions for improving such like behaviours, as well as evaluating progress on skills that are much targeted after the intervention. This assessment test contains tools that are particularly significant when evaluating students. The SSIS family of assessment as well as intervention tools include: performance screening guide; this tool offers universal screening of the behaviour which can be termed as being prosaically. Some of such like behaviours are math skills, reading skills as well as motivation to learn for all students in the whole classroom in not more than 20 minutes. Another tool is class-wide intervention program; this tool provides teachers as well as other professionals social skills instructional scripts as well as teaching resources for the top ten skills that tent to be much critical to the functioning of all students in particular classroom. The next tool is Rating Scales; this tool is concerned with offering targeted as well as comprehensive assessment of a persons social skills, problem behaviours along with academic competence. The last but not least toll is intervention guide; this provides in-depth social skills intervention for about 20 keystone social skills that are directly connecte d to SSIS Rating Scales outcomes, (Nihira, Leland, Lambert,1993).. Critique of the Test Strength This program is a revised version of the most used SSRS, which enjoys strong history of use in most schools. This instrument in addition contains assessment intervention records, which allows the integration of social skill assessment data with planned intervention strategies, as an effect, it allows professional to easily develop interventions that are based on the assessment results. Also, the instrument has a manual which clearly provides detailed descriptions of all SSRS objectives and goals, on top of having a guide that is user friendly. Nevertheless, the instrument test is easy to administer and much easy to score. In addition, the social skill improvement system rating scales, tent to have very strong psychometric features, along with scoring, makes the test ideally suitable to demands of screening, development of interventions as well as classifications in the middle schools. In addition, there exist SSRS versions that also provide further information that can be very much s ignificant in the process of planning on top of the evaluation intervention programming. Last but not least, the instrument use of multiple rater system provides a more broad-based assessment of social skills than any other instrument that uses a single rater system, like the elf reporting instrument, (Cynthia, Kenn, 2010). Another thing is that, the test measurement provides important needs assessment data for program planning. In addition, it also offers insight into the effectiveness of nationwide prevention as well as health behavioural initiatives that are designed to reach much education as well as counselling related objectives across the country. SSRS also produces the estimates of the prevalence of major adolescence behavioural risks and provides much crucial information for school officers, human service agency, policymakers along with parents, who are working in harmony optimum health young individuals globally. Weaknesses Though there is existence of studies along with the information don the Social Skill Rating System, on the other hand, much has not been done to on the current SSIS. In addition, the costs that are involved during SSIS are too high compared to other surveys. It also requires the knowledge of compiling data as well as coming up with reports is also required; this is based on the fact that, in the software package, it is not included. This instrument also faces the problem of standardization sample, as well as mixed reliability levels across all forms. Psychometric Qualities The instrument has standard scores which can be converted to percentile rank scores. The instrument furthermore provides separate norms for girls as well as boys, as well as these with and without disabilities. The high levels of internal consistency, test-retest reliabilities, content along with validity, have been reported by many writers. The computer software apart from facilitating scoring and reporting, it provides behavioural objectives and suggestions for planning purposes. A version that is scannable, offers group reporting options. Other than sorting, it arranges the information as per the group, classroom, individuals, schools, grades, gender, ethnicity, time and districts, (Mathews, Whang, Fawcett, 1980). The Tests Application in Counseling Psychology Setting Purpose The social skill rating system was published for the purpose of identifying and classification of social behaviours. In addition, it was also published for the purpose of assisting in the development of appropriate interventions for those who are identified as having social behaviour problems. Last but not least, the instrument was created for the purpose of addressing the significance for an evidence-based, multi-tired assessment that are used in the process of helping students to develop, improve as well as maintain much important social skills. Though theoretically is all kinds of children might be given the test, the test is purposefully geared towards handicapped children or children with mild to moderate learning difficulties. The instrument also can be used in the identification of social behaviour strengths, school or home-based behavioural interventions. Benefits or Usefulness The instrument is much useful in providing much comprehensive image or picture of children social behaviours. Another benefit accrued from SSIS is that, the three rating forms that are applied in the Social Skills Improvement System Rating Scales, offers much flexibility to the system. On the other hand, the instrument helps these using it like teachers and counselling professionals to plan for the appropriate intervention very quickly. Generally, the social skills rating systems allows individuals to get a more complete picture of social behaviours from educators, guardians and parents, and even students themselves. It helps in the evaluation of broad range of socially validated behaviours that affects teacher-student relations, academic performance, and peer acceptance among others. Challenges This instrument faces the challenge of sample standardization and mixed reliability levels across the forms. Another challenge is that, the instrument does not provide both appropriate and inappropriate social skills, so its users particularly focuses on the negative aspects of the behaviours of children other than taking into account also the positive aspects. Though there is existence of studies along with the information on the Social Skill Rating System, on the other hand, the instrument faces a challenge of having done less on the current SSIS; as a result, the current SSIS has little information. Another challenge faced by this system is that, the costs that are involved during SSIS are too high compared to other surveys. It also requires the knowledge of compiling data as well as coming up with reports is also required; this is based on the fact that, in the software package, it is not included, in conjunction with this challenge, only professionals trained in the psychology testing are in a position of interpreting the outcome, though it can be administered by any personel.. This instrument also faces the problem of standardization sample, as well as mixed reliability levels across all forms, (Malecki Demaray, 2002). How Results Would Be Used These tests are best used within the context of four-phase problem solving processes. By this model, it is not easy for one to ignore the main purpose of the assignment, and that no matter the specific aim for waiting to assess SEL competencies, one tent to concentrate on his/her own assessment information in a manner that helps one the most significant questions. The main function of the of the first phase which is termed as identification and clarification is to answer some basic questions that leads to the articulation clearly on the reasons that lead to the assessment undertaking in the first place. Din most cases, ones students are the main focus of the assessment; however the objectives of pursing the assessment might be far much complicated. In the data collection stage which is grades as phase 2, the counsellor collects the information needed that is needed during counselling. It is recommended that, the counsellor gives room for the assessment purpose, student character as well as the problem being addressed be the guiding principles to the selection and choice of appropriate procedures and specific tools, as this will provide necessary information. After all these, consider whether some means of information gathering are much significant that others, this is based on the student nature, assessment problem and the situation. Then the counsellor is to align the available tools to fit within the budget, (Heber, 1961). In the third phase which is co9nsidered to being the analysis stage, is where in detail, the data is now analysed. It should be checked if the available data confirms with the assessment problem. There need also to be an identification of specific issues that might be contributing to the problem in question. On top of it all, the councillor needs to determine if more information is needed to solve the problem in hand, a part from the one having. After all these, the counsellor is supposed to analyse any hindrance that might occur during problem solving, and if more information can be found in the existing school records. In case of any further data collection, an individual with the capability of doing that within the shortest time is identified. In the fourth phase identified as solution and evaluation, the target of the intention need to be identified based on the available information. In this stage, the counsellor needs to identify the most appropriate types of interventions or programs in the surroundings. An available resource is a very important factor to consider while carrying out this intervention, so the counsellor has to determine the resources available, which will then control the type of intervention used. As an effect, the type of intervention will determine if data collection ought to be continuous. Last but not least, the counsellor decides on the means of assessment to be used when evaluating the effectiveness of the program or the intervention, (Myers Diener, 1995). Conclusion Social Skill Improvement System is among other assessment system that professionals interested in assessing social-emotional competences of both children and youngsters. The forms of SSIS are just an update of what initially was called social skill rating system. The SSIS ratings forms include cross-informant tools that are being used by teachers, parents, guardians, children as well as these in the adolescent stage. The scales of SSIOS-Rating scales has been used when assessing children with behavioural and interpersonal skills problems, screen for problem behaviours, and identify children encountering social behaviour risk and poor academic performances. The social skills scales are used when measuring positive social behaviours like cooperation and empathy, as well as respect, amongst others. The problem behaviour scale on the other hand, measures behaviours that usually interfere with positive social skills. They can be categorized under; internalizing skills, externalizing skill s, as well as the hyperactivity. Lastly, academic competence skills, on its part offers quick estimate of academic functioning. In future, the SSIS will be intended for children and adolescent. It will be used in the identification of social skills deficit, as well as deficits in school related in to select skills that ought to be targeted during training, as well as the social skills training success evaluation. It also be used to yield the knowledge of student strength s deficiencies. Last but not least, in future, the SSIS will be used in the social behaviour exhibited by youngsters, both children and the adolescence in a classroom setting.

Prominent Island Destinations In The World Tourism Essay

Prominent Island Destinations In The World Tourism Essay The word Island means pieces of any sub-continental land surrounded by water. Keys or cays are another word used for very small islands or islets. Eyot is the named referred to islands that are located in rivers and lakes. An archipelago is the name given for groups of geographically and geologically related islands. Island and continents differs in terms of their natural environments, natural resources, and biodiversity. It also differs in terms of the type of biological support system, response to environmental changes, and the ability to recover from natural or ecological disasters. As mentioned earlier, islands differ from mainland continents in terms of biodiversity. This can be seen from the odd collection of flora and fauna, which sometimes cannot be seen elsewhere. Islands are categorized into two types in terms of geological formation, namely Oceanic and Continental, Oceanic islands being the ones which arise from the surface of the ocean whether by volcanic activity or coralline accumulation of sand and debris, Continental Islands are in contrary a part of the continental shelf which is separated from the main continent by water, these types of islands Importance of islands as a tourism destination Many of the island destinations are economically underdeveloped, and rich from natural unspoiled attractions, therefore making it an important asset in the global tourism market. Due to their small size and limited resources, these destinations faces special challenges and obstacle in fulfilling economic benefit to the islands and its people. Sustainable management and appropriate development of these natural and environmental resources, in terms of tourism proves beneficial to the resident or host community. Tourism plays a dominant role in the economic well-being of islands. Tourism earnings account for a significant proportion in their GDP, and they have an overwhelming reliance on tourism as a source of exports. The fundamental aim of tourism development in Islands is to increase foreign exchange earnings to finance imports. The large proportion of what is being earned through tourism leaves the economy almost instantaneously. In Island, tourism facilities are mostly enclave developments, and their effects on the domestic economy can sometimes be limited. Tourism is an industry where careful planning is required so that it can be developed with the intention of sustaining it for the long term besides minimizing environmental damage. Tourism development has contributed to economic development in many of these Islands, but may not last forever. Island Mean (1980-2000) Pop. (mills) Mean 2000 Pop. (mills) Surface Area (km2) GDP per capita (000 US$) GDP per capita (000 US$) Bahamas 0.26 13.1 0.30 13.9 10,010 Cyprus 0.60 10.0 0.76 14.1 9,240 Dominican 0.07 3.4 0.07 3.4 750 Haiti 6.54 0.5 7.96 0.4 27,560 Jamaica 2.40 1.7 2.63 1.8 10,830 Malta 0.37 7.0 0.39 10.2 320 Prominent island destinations as per continental regions Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent after Asia, covering 6% of the Earths total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area. The population of Africa roughly accounts to a billion people in 61 territories; it is about 14.72% of the worlds human population. The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The continent has 54 sovereign states Pemba, Tanzania Score: 67 Pemba is located in the Indian Ocean where it meets the eastern coast of Africa. It is an island forming part of the Zanzibar archipelago. It lies 50 kilometers east of mainland Tanzania. It is also known as Al Jazeera Al Khadra (the green island, in Arabic. Majority of the island consist of hills and are much more fertile compared to Zanzibar. Most of the land is dominated by small scale farming by the locals, and fewer large scale farming which produce huge revenue to the locals. The most abandoned cash producing crop is cloves; there are over 3 million clove trees in Pemba. Largest portion of export earnings also comes from cloves. Besides cloves the locals also produce rice, coconut, bananas ¸ cassava and red beans. Laidback, old- fashioned island and less developed compared to Zanzibar. Pemba is a magnificent Island with naturally unspoiled environment and culturally very intact. But it has limited beaches, and has a lot of mangrove vegetation. Fine reefs for diving, but lacks fish due to dynamiting. Pemba is also well-known for its rich fishing grounds, due to high marine biodiversity. Between the island and the mainland of Tanzania, there is the deep 20 miles wide Pemba channel, which is one of the most commercial fishing grounds for game fishing on the East African coast. Pemba is growing familiar as one of the leading island destinations in Africa due to its unique dive sites, with steep drop-offs, untouched coral and very abundant marine life. As mentioned earlier the strong cultural base also provides a sole experience of old and laid back town life. The population consists of Swahili Muslim society in mostly rural small towns. There are few tourist lodges located near the beaches, mostly high-end, and generally cut off from main roads and towns. For budget travelers there are other small guest houses/hotels of very low standard. Besides the outstanding beauty and unspoiled nature of Pemba, a concern arises about management of these attractions. There should be sustainable development to preserve the unspoiled beaches and diving spots. Sà £o Tomà © and Prà ­ncipe, Score: 66 Sao Tomeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡ and Principe, is officially known as Democratic Republic of Sao Tomeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡ and Principe. It is a Portuguese-speaking island nation located in western equator of the coast of Africa, alongside the Gulf of Guinea. Sao Tome and Principe consists of two islands which are called, Sao Tomeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡ and Principe, located about 140 kilometers apart and about 250 and 225 kilometers respectively, off the northwestern coast of Gabon. Due to the small population, Sao Tome and Principe is also known as the two smallest countries in African in term of population size. Both of the islands are a part of an extinct volcanic range, which is known as Cameroon Volcanic Mountain Range. The islands experience tropical climate at sea level, with an average yearly temperatures of about 27 degrees C and not more than 32 degrees C. With raising altitude the temperature decreased to average yearly temperature is 20 degree Celsius, with usually cooler night weather. Annual rainfall changes from southwestern slopes to in the northern lowlands of these two islands. It is recorded that the rainy season starts usually from October and continues up to May. Sao Tome and Principe has a very high-potential destination for both natural and cultural resources. They have astonishingly untouched natural environment; with a touch of interesting culture and history. Sao Tome and Principe do not have a huge array of native animals, besides the Sao Tomeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡ is known for a few endemic species such as Shrew and several bat species. The two islands are habitat to a variety of endemic flora and fauns. The two islands contain the worlds largest sunbird also known as the Giant Sunbird, Fiscal and also known for several giant species of Begonia. These flora and fauna cannot be found elsewhere making it uniquely different from other mainland continents. Nevertheless there are great threats including mass tourism developments, unsustainability and very weak o r corrupt management of government policies and environmental protection that will protect the endemic species and unspoiled natural environment. Mediterranean islands The Mediterranean Sea separates Europe and Africa. The land enclosed from east to west about 4000 km. Mediterranean Sea plays very important for trading and business hub back in history and today most of the neighboring countries are tourist attractions. Most of the countries had its own uniqueness and quality of history to share to the world. Many Civilizations starts here including Greek Empire, Roman Empire and also Turkey. The tourist industry in Mediterranean is one of the highly developed in the world. Most of the income generated from Tourism industry. Resorts, Hotels, Restaurant, tourist attraction and also historical places is one of the major reason tourist visited Mediterranean countries. In Mediterranean regions, Tourism brings huge economic benefits however; increasing the number of visitors can damage the environment. The sea is part of the Atlantic Ocean, although it is usually identified as completely separate body of water. Mediterranean covers area of 2.5 million Km (970 000 sq mi) but its connected to the Atlantic is only 14 km (8.7 mi) wide. The maximum depth of Mediterranean region is 5,267 m (17,280 ft, The Mediterranean sea is connected to the Atlantic Ocean at the Strait of Gibraltar, and it is linked to the Red Sea and Indian Ocean (by the Suez Canal), and the Black Sea (at the Dardanelles and Sea of Marmara). The main subdivisions of the Mediterranean Sea are the Adriatic, Aegean, Ionian, and Tyrrhenian seas which collectively form a coastline extending 46,000km, which runs through 22 countries, it is important to mention that this area is highly polluted. Countries neighboring Mediterranean, Turkey France Egypt Tunisia Spain Albania Italy Lebanon Greece Montenegro Libya Malta Monaco Syria Israel Croatia Morocco Algeria Slovenia Cyprus Bosnia Herzogovenia Ukraine Jordan Saudi Arabia Hydra Island, Greece Hydra Island is located between the Saronic and Argolis Gulf. It is in the center of town of the whole island, is built architecturally around the port. Hydra Island is a second smaller island sitting offshore on the east coast from the main island. Hydra Island is also known as cosmopolitan and magnificent island combined which offers tranquility and relaxation, in addition the island offers entertainment all day long and intensive night life. The fact that Hydra has a unique beauty in its architecture and its landscape, taken together with its proximity to Athens and its important historical interest, have gradually raised the island to the level of an international tourist center. The discovery of Hydra Island is by group of artists such as Leonard Cohen and Axel Jensen. Hydra Island also famous of its historical role during the Greek Revolution. Apart from the historical side, beach area is the most famous attraction with unique atmosphere. There is a lot of activity tourist can do in Hydra Island such as beaches activity, architecture, museums, villages shopping, churches, and festivals. A good example of a small island that preserves local heritage and fisherman activities. It appeals mainly to those who want to discover the traditional and authentic essence of the Greek way of life. Continually under the onslaught of tourists. It has weathered these pressures in a proactive manner and remains competitive. Hydra takes preservation seriously and has maintained a village scale and architectural forms that feel very authentic. Since no cars are allowed, the island has retained its original streetscape. Easy to access by ferry from Piraeus, so its tremendously popular and has a thriving nightlife. Most of the hotels are small, thankfully. South America South America is the southern continent of America. It is situated in the western hemisphere and mostly in the southern hemisphere with relatively small portion in the northern hemisphere. The geography of South America contains many diverse regions and climates. The South American continent also includes various islands, most of which belong to the countries on the continent. South America nations that border the Caribbean Sea including Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. Chiloe, Chile The Chiloà ©Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡ archipelago is surrounded by a pristine seascape, which is further enhanced by preserved and protected Valdivian forests and a number of historic towns and wooden churches, in which 16 of them are inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List, relatively rural and unspoiled, several historic fishing villages are also present. Accommodation are also available however, they are mostly small hotels or bed-and-breakfast properties. Architectural structure and style are rich with mythological animals and spirits. The design consists its own meaning and very pure back then. Most of the tourists enjoy visiting Chiloe because of its uniqueness. Chiloe is the second largest island in South America. Local markets produces are mackerel, sardines and anchovies used to feed farmed salmon are dangerously overdrawn. Last and foremost, the Chiloe Island is proud to be its own, historical, sandy beaches and received high number of tourist every year especially for honeymooners or couples. North and Western Europe islands Although unknown for tourism, these islands provide an excellent tourism retreat, however, falling under European constitution and supervision these islands had a chance to be sustainably developed so as to meet the tourists expectations as well as provide a development opportunity for the natives of these islands, as these islands are located above 38 longitudinal degrees north of the equator, providing an ice cold weather and lower number of tourists, thus preventing it from the problem of mass tourism, however, Cruise tourists growth in some of these islands might threaten the natural habitat from the mass tourism problem, below are too examples of these islands; Azores Islands, Portugal. Consisting of nine main islands and maintaining a rate of 84 according to the National Geographic islands rating, the Azores islands are located in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean, 600 KM from Lisbon, the capital of Portugal, the islands history involves sporadic settling of over 200 years, as each of the nine islands provide a unique example of culture, dialect, cuisine and traditions considerably varying from island to another. The main industries of the islands are: agriculture, dairy farming (for cheese and butter products primarily), minor livestock ranching, fishing and tourism, which is becoming the major service activity in the region. Apart from that, the government of the Azores is responsible for employing a large percentage of population directly or indirectly in many aspects of the service and tertiary sectors. Being it a non- beach destination as opposed to most of the islands of the world, it is not susceptible to mass tourism, the temperate climate in this island hinders the flow of the tourists, however, it offer the visitor a wonderful scenery of green volcanic mountains and picturesque towns which remain unspoiled. Cultural richness, remoteness and Whale sighting can be considered the highlights for the islands to offer for the visitor. Iceland An island nation located in the North Atlantic, this island is rated at 80 according to National Geographic islands of the world rating. The island known for its vibrant and yet extreme natural conditions has constructed to its development towards benefiting from tourism at its best, although the main economy dependency of Iceland is fishing and agriculture, tourism is highly regarded as a source of economy, the increase in ecotourism concept and the abundance of natural resources has contributed to the growth of these practices, such as whale watching and glacier tours which can be found in a few countries worldwide. Iceland can be considered as a captive of bad luck economically, as it was hardly hit by the world economic crisis in 2008-2009, an unfortunate eruption of the Eyjafjallajokull volcano in Iceland happened in March 20th 2010, causing unprecedented ash clouds extending all over Europe and causing a total halt to the airline industry in the whole of Western Europe for a whole week. Although the Island is expected to take a slower pace to recover economically, the image of this country as an eco-friendly island has yet to be enhanced, as several acts supported by the government has angried several environmentalist, these practices include; the allowing of commercial whaling in 2006 and the erection of Aluminium smelters and hydropower systems. Iceland still remains the frame in which the natural phenomenons occur in, such as glaciers, aurora , volcanoes and whale sighting, these natural occurrences can simultaneously be observed by the tourists which in return provides the basic demand for the tourism sector in the country, this offers a historic modern approach of selling the island as a tourism destination. North American Islands Mostly concentrated in two countries namely; United States of America and Canada, most of them are considered as major domestic tourism attractions than international ones, these islands are dispersed on the east and the west side of the North American continent, making its proximity to the mainland America as the main contributor in the tourism numbers, the average rating of the North American islands are 61.1 on National Geographic islands rating, which categorizes it into an island of moderate trouble, as its advantages and disadvantages are almost equal, to give a clearer picture we have chosen the below two examples; 1. Mackinac Island,  Michigan, US. Located in mainland America, in Lake Huron, and Scoring an 80 points rank in National Geographic scale, the island can be described as a seasonal destination with an ecological basis for tourism development, the summer is known to be the highest season of tourists arrivals. The island which falls under the state of Michigan, USA, has been identified as a National Historic Landmark, as it is known for various events during the year, its ban on motor vehicles, and its status as a preserved state park, these elements offer a the visitor an authentic back in time journey, as the tourists can experience the zero motorized vehicles ban since 1898 and use bicycles or horse drawn carriages as the main mode of transportation. The preservation and containing of the historical aspects of the island has provided a unique and safe haven for tourism development, as the activities are purposely slow, so as to maintain and choose the benefits sought for the preservation of the island. Although Mackinac Island is sustainably developed, it is a fragile environment, as the mass tourists arriving in the summertime stress the transportation infrastructure and causes substantial changes to the historic fiber of the destination, these weaknesses can be regulated by issuing laws so as to preserve and protect the fragile island. Santa Catalina Island, California Score: 74 Located 35 Km from off the coast of California, Catalina is rated 74 in the National geographic islands rating, is a perfect example of a sustainably developed island. The island hosts a variety of tourism infrastructure, although 70% of the total area in the island is under conservation. The limited and controlled development of the island has led it to be sustainable, as the community there which consists of about 3696 people is heavily dependent on tourism. The famous endeavors of filming industry has left a mark on the island as 8 Bisons have been left on the island in 1924, this has produced a herd of almost 200 free roaming wildebeests. The scenic landscape of the island has been used over and over in several shootings, and the world class champion golfer Tiger Woods has also won his first competition on this island, this offers a historic modern approach of selling the island as a tourism destination. Eastern and Southeast Asia Knocking out every inch of the globe particularly in economy, politics and society and located in the Eastern and northern hemisphere, primary continent that 8.6% coated out the surface with roughly 60% of the human population, a distinct island, Asia is well known for 2 of the popular regions, Southeast and Eastern Asia (Wikipedia 2010). Giving the media exposure, Asia is steadily and rapidly growing to be one of the emerging tourist destinations that provide different geography features, climates, facilities and services from tourist native background. Nowadays, due to the climate changes and rapid development in chasing up the tourist needs and satisfaction level, the growth may have threatened not only the people, but the landscape and scenery as well, following are two islands examples: Bali, Indonesia Indonesia is recognized as one of the most densely inhabited country with comprising of an approximately 17,508 islands that has been one of significant exchange business in the last century. With the diversification of natural resources, culture, ethics, language, and religion, Indonesia become center of attraction for the worlds second highest level of biodiversity. One of the countrys 33 states, Bali, is one of Indonesia prominent island (besides Java Island) that is being recognized for its arts, dance, sculpture, painting, metalworking and music (Wikipedia, 2010). Situated at the Lesser Sunda Islands, Bali or Heavens world is also known for its picturesque and magical scenery of natural resources in particular mountains, flora and fauna as well as beaches too. However, due to rampant commercialism, bali, mainly Kuta and Nusa Dua, is rapidly changes and develop to meet up and boosting up their countrys revenue which also lead to higher demand of labor. The island beautiful coral reefs and mangroves being destroyed and bleach by locals for profits. Besides that, branding of merchandize affected the lifestyle of the locals as a result, higher social ill occurs. Even though the country main attraction is being one of the sustainable tourism, the landscapes are being degraded by the mass growth. Nevertheless, the breathtaking and astonishing features and phenomena such as volcanoes, sightseeing, beaches and the culture will still mesmerized the tourist thus increasing the tourist arrival. Country such as Malaysia is supporting such event whereby the low cost airlines, Air Asia, has implemented budgeted fees to fly there. Jeju (Cheju), South Korea Korea is known for one of the region of Eastern Asia and was formally unified as one state until 1948, the nation divided into 2 region, namely South Korea (Republic of Korea) and North Korea (Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea). With two different politic views and markets with South Korea review as free market and democratic while North Korea are more to industrial economy with limited intervention from outsider. Approximately 3000 islands in South Korea and some of the small and deserted islands located at the western and southern coasts (Wikipedia 2010). Made out from volcano eruptions million years ago and the largest island in Korea, Jeju is one of the attractive yet famous tourist destinations in Korea mostly to Asian country. Jeju Island went into a drastic transition from unfamiliar island to renowned due to the explosion of Korea famous drama Winter Sonata and Hallyu wave. Overwhelming setting and panoramic view of Jeju attracted the viewers thus increasing the arrivals i n Korea. In addition, Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes has being listed as one of the World heritage Site in Korea (Wikipedia, 2010). Mountain Hallasan National Park natural features uniqueness were once unspoiled are now destroyed and tainted due to the heavy commercialization. Awareness being arose to rescue and preserve remaining species as it has been recorded a number of 1, 565 plant species spreading vastly throughout the mountain (Wikipedia, 2010). Furthermore, rampant development from the government in complementing with the tourism industry by offering well known facilities and attraction such as Spa, dining, clubs and so on are being perceived negatively and misleading the tourist real attention to know local cultural. Islands of the Indian Ocean The islands of the Indian Ocean are a varied collection, including many of the smallest territories and one of the largest island nations (Madagascar).With its unique wildlife and culture, is located just off the coast of Africa. Seychelles 115 islands spread over a contract Indian Ocean, the Seychelles archipelago is more than 16000KM from the African cost. The Seychelles islands distance from the continent on the fact they are somewhat spread out have made them an isolated paradise, known as Sea of crystalline high purity, and soft white sand guarded by palm trees, overshadowed by the curved, to give the elegance and magnificence of this scene is rarely found in the world. These islands are organized in the south of the equator and is characterized by tropical climate warm all year round, making it a tourist attraction highly distinguished and all the islands of the Seychelles is a world in itself, and are distinguished from others, and left in your mind the memory of different and special flavor, but the common denominator among them, is that it offers you and invites you to experience it. The capital Victoria is located in the island of  «Mahe » the largest, it is the second largest island in terms of area and population of the Seychelles 80 000 people, and this number is less, compared with the number of turtles, which is about 150 thousand, and this country is safe and the rate of crime is almost non-existent . Mauritius The island of Mauritius Land of Smiles and sugar, known for its magical beaches and the most important tourist destination in the depth of the Indian Ocean with an area of 1865 square kilometers. First discovered the island is the Arabs in the tenth century AD, but did not settle. And then came to her Portuguese explorers in the fifteenth century, but also did not settle .And finally settled by the Dutch and opened under the name of Mauritius in the late sixteenth century .And then left for the Dutch Frenchmen in the early eighteenth century, and remained colony for 100 years and then France ceded the island to Britain in 1814.So that the island became a British colony that gained independence in 1968 Mauritius. Most of population of Indian origin came to them with the French and English for the cultivation of Indian cane. Tourism is the most important source parallel with agriculture, particularly sugar, which is famous for Mauritius. Mauritius is one of the most important tourist destinations of the World politicians, businessmen and celebrities because they provide privacy and a relaxed atmosphere, surrounded by services integrated in addition to the awareness of the integrated tourism is also promoting Mauritius itself as a keen to provide maximum facilities to the visitors, in addition to the kindness of its inhabitants and their dealings with tourists, high moral character, and this helped in my opinion most of the resorts to promote their products and provide as much as he wishes tourist, and even higher in the fact that the inherent culture of tourism in this country. Caribbean region Caribbean is enclosed by many islands, islets and offshore reefs which are from Florida, United state America to Venezuela, South America. Caribbean region became more famous because of the movie, Pirates of the Caribbean. This Caribbean region has been formerly known as the West Indies as Christopher Columbus believed that he had reached the Indies archipelago which is known today as South and Southeast Asia, , when he landed there in 1492. The climate of the Caribbean is tropical but rainfall caries with elevation, size and water currents. In addition, warm and moist trade winds blow consistently from the east creating rainforest division on mountainous islands Dominica Dominica, which is officially known as the Commonwealth of Dominica, is an island nation in the Caribbean Sea, and also called the nature isle of the Caribbean. Because Dominica is not changed much after Columbus explored at first time. Dominica is a UNESCO World Heritage site because of the worlds 2nd largest boiling lake, 265 rivers rushing to the sea, national parks and lush vegetation. The islands annual temperature averages at 27C. This temperature is perfect to enjoy the beautiful and natural country as it still has largely pristine forests and haven for ornithologist as well as great scuba diving spots. In addition, this island is famous for being the `Whale watching capital of the Caribbean. The chance of seeing a whale and other animals that belong to the Cetaceans order is absolutely great, in fact greater than elsewhere. Nevis Island This island located near the northern end of the Lesser Antilles archipelago. Nevis is a small and unhurried also immensely fertile and wonderfully beautiful. In addition, Nevis island is volcanic island which is a sister island to St Kitts, however, it is still very difficult to access this island. Therefore, the island is consequently uncrowded and largely unspoiled by tourists. It is an advantage for tourist who wants to seek a quiet, laid back, picturesque vacation in a friendly islanders atmosphere. The uniqueness of this island is the culture and people of this island as they are very traditional in their way of life; this could be seen in the architecture of their building and housing. Ecotourism in particular attracts people to natural sites where the mountains and valleys are found. Moreover, outdoor activities such as golf, hiking, and biking and water sports are attracting more adventurous travelers. Pacific/ Australia/ New Zealand region These regions encompasses the ancient land mass Australia, the islands of New Zealand, and the scattering of thousands of small islands that stretch out into the Pacific Ocean. They have similar culture and life style but economic situation and main industry are different. Their tourism reputation is getting higher and many are increasingly relying on their beautiful scenery and tropical climates to attract tourists and give a valuable boost to their economies. Kangaroo island, South Australia Kangaroo Island is the 3rd largest island after Tasmania and Melville Island in Australia. This island is closest from Cape Jervis, South Australia and it is 122km southwest of Adelaide. This island attracts over 140,000 visitors each year because of interesting mix of agriculture, tourism, and wilderness. Especially, this Kangaroo Island has well preserved by Australia government. Beaches and wild animals are the most uniqueness in Kangaroo Island. The name of this island is from Matthew Flinders who is the English explorer. He explored and mapped the coa

family as a product of the Environment :: essays research papers

What is family? Family can be described in several ways, a group of persons of common ancestry, or by a person’s perceived view of what a family actually is. Everyone has their own beliefs on what actually makes and defines a family. We will compare the views on family based on Karl Marx’s â€Å"Communist manifesto† and Jose Saramago’s â€Å"The Cave† to see the differences and similarities that take place, and then we will come to a general conclusion that family is a product of our environment Marx felt that history of man is the history of class struggles; these class struggles generally exist between the oppressed and the oppressors. As for the modern class struggle, the authors of the Manifesto blame industrialization, the discovery of the New World and other foreign markets, and the amount of capital available to the businessmen and the bourgeoisie as reasons for the abuse of the working class. The working class is described as being nearly impossible to make better; they have only the bare minimum to survive and the growth of capitalism is making the proletarian class even bigger. This is why they are fit to rise up, together, in open revolution to change the current social structure, to overthrow the rule of the bourgeoisie. Because of the drive to make money, Marx felt the ties between men had been reduced to â€Å"naked self-interest† and â€Å"cash payment†. (Marx 11) To Marx families were seen as nothing more than a business relationship. For this reason, Marx advocated for the abolishment of families and supported free love to end the exploitation of wives. Instead of having many family units, the plan was to break these down to give way for the eventual birth of one large family of proletarians.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In â€Å"The Cave† the view of family is represented by Cipriano Algor, his daughter Marta, her husband Marcal and even the family dog Found. Family is very important to the Algor‘s as it can be found in the constant crying and discussions by the family. There are many arguments that end up with one or more of the people in the discussion crying. For instance when Marta finally tells he father that they are having a child, Cipriano is upset that they didn’t tell him sooner, Marta begins to cry and it all ends up ok. Crying is a key way to show someone that you care for them.